Kukho iinkqubo ezintathu ze-gegictions kwiiyunivesithi ye-mveliso, kunye neengxaki zesikali zithambekele kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokujikeleza, njengenkqubo yokujikeleza kwefriji, inkqubo yokujikeleza kwamanzi, kunye nenkqubo yokujikeleza kwamanzi. Iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokujikeleza zifuna intsebenziswano ye-TACIT ukuze ifezekise injongo yomsebenzi ozinzileyo.
Ke ngoko, kuyimfuneko ukugcina inkqubo nganye ngaphakathi kwenqanaba eliqhelekileyo lokusebenza. Nangona ukwenziwa kwezinto ezahlukeneyo zekhaya zangezwe ekhaya zizinzile, ukuba ulondolozo oluyimfuneko kunye nolondolozo oluyimfuneko alwenziwanga ixesha elide, iya kuqokelela kwinani elikhulu leengxaki. Ayisikhokelela ekutyhakeni kwezixhobo, kodwa ichaphazela ukuhamba kwamanzi kwezixhobo.
Inefuthe elibi kwintsebenzo ewonke iyonke yeiyunithi zefriji zeShishini, kwaye ide inciphise ubomi obupheleleyo beekhilografini zokusebenza. Ke ngoko, ukucoca isikali ngexesha kubaluleke kakhulu kwiiyunithi zefriji ezonga-mveliso.
1. Kutheni ifriji inesibindi?
Amacandelo aphambili okuphikisa kwinkqubo yokupholisa amanzi e-calcium ane-calcium ye-caltium kunye netyuwa ye-magnesium, kwaye isothulo lwabo linciphisa ngokunyuka kobushushu; Xa amanzi okupholisa anxibelelana umphezulu wobushushu, ukuphilisa iidiphozithi kumphezulu wobushushu obushushu.
Kukho iimeko ezine zefriji:
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. I-CA (HCO3) 2, COCO3, CA) 2, I-Camo4, MGCO3, MG (njl.) 2, njl njl. Ukuphendula kweekhemikhali kwenzeka kumanzi ashushu, okanye ii-ion ezithile zenza enye i-ion yetyiwa.
Kwiityuwa ezithile ezihlangabezana neemeko ezingentla, ii-buds zentsusa ziqale zibekwe kwindawo yentsimbi, emva koko ngokuthe ngcembe baba ngamasuntswana. Inomsebenzi we-amorphous okanye i-ceristal yekristale kunye ne-agersrered ukwenza amakristali okanye amaqela. I-Bicarbonate ye-bicetsbonate yeyona nto iphambili ebangela ukoyikwa kwamanzi apholileyo. Kungenxa yokuba i-calcium enzima ye-calcionate ilahleka ibhalansi ngexesha lokufudumeza kwaye ibophelele kwi-calcium carbonate, ikharbon diokside namanzi. I-calcium carbonate, kwelinye icala, ayinyibiliki kwaye iphinde ifakelwe kwindawo yokupholisa. Ngoku:
I-CA (HCO3) 2 = Caco3 ↓ + h2o + Co2 ↑.
Ukuqulunqwa komgangatho kumphezulu wobushushu obuzahlula-hlula izixhobo kwaye kufihla ubomi benkonzo yezixhobo; Okwesibini, iyakuthintela ukutshintshelwa kobushushu kobushushu obushushu kwaye kunciphise ukusebenza kakuhle.
2. Ukususwa kwesikali kwifriji
1. Ukwahlulahlula ngeendlela zobomi
Iindlela zokususaka kwinqanaba lomphezulu wotshintshiselwano lobushushu zibandakanya ukuphohlakala kwencwadana, ukugcinwa koomatshini, ukugcinwa kwekhemikhali kunye nokuphola komzimba.
Kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zovuyo. Iindlela zokuhlala zehlemshini kunye nokuchasana zilungile, kodwa ngenxa yomgaqo wokusebenzela izixhobo ze-elektrongs eziqhelekileyo, kukwakho neemeko apho ifuthe lenzeka khona, njenge:
(1). Ubunzima bamanzi buyahluka ngokweendawo ngeendawo.
(2). Ubunzima bamanzi beyunithi iguquka ngexesha lokusebenza ngexesha lokusebenza, kwaye imvula yemvula ye-elekli inokuqulunqwa kwesampulu yamanzi ngokweempungutye nge-imeyile, ukuze into yokulahleka ayisayi kukhathazeka malunga nezinye iimpembelelo;
(3). Ukuba umqhubi uyawugatya umsebenzi ovuthayo, umphezulu wobushushu obuza kudunyiswa.
Indlela yokuphola imichiza inokuqwalaselwa kuphela xa iziphumo zokudlulisela ubushushu zihlwempuzekile kwaye i-scocial ibaluleke kakhulu, kodwa iya kuchaphazela izixhobo, ngoko ke iya kuchaphazela ukonakalisa umonakalo we-GARTE yezixhobo.
I-2. Indlela yokukhupha isisu
I-Sludge iqokelelwe ikakhulu ngamaqela entsholongwane njenge-bacteria kunye ne-algae echithiwe kwaye iphinde ivelise emanzini, ixutywe nodaka, isanti, uthuli, njl njl. Ibangela ukosulwa kwimibhobho, kunciphisa ukusebenza ngokukuko nokunyusa ukunganyangeki kokuhamba, ukunciphisa ukuhamba kwamanzi. Zininzi iindlela zokujongana nayo. Unokongeza i-couglant ukwenza umcimbi omiselweyo ekusasazeni i-Ali phumela iintyatyambo ezikhululekileyo kwaye uzinze emazantsi esundu, onokuthi ususwe yi-sewage yokukhupha; Unokongeza ukusasazeka ukwenza amasuntswana anqunyanyisiweyo asasaze emanzini ngaphandle kokuntywila; Ukuqulunqwa kwe-sludge kunokucinezelwa ngokutshintsha kwecala okanye ngokongeza amanye amachiza ukuthintela okanye ukubulala i-microorganisms.
I-3. Indlela yokuphila ye-comrosion
I-Sorisosion ikakhulu ibangelwa yi-Sludge kunye neemveliso ze-corrosion ezinamathela kumphezulu wetyhubhu yokutshisa ubushushu ukwenza ibhetri yeoksijini kunye nokuzila. Ngenxa yenkqubela phambili ye-corosion, umonakalo wetyhubhu yokutshisa ubushushu iya kubangela ukungaphumeleli kakhulu kweyunithi, kwaye umthamo wokupholisa uya kuhla. Iyunithi inokutyikitya, ibangele ukuba abasebenzisi bathwale ilahleko enkulu yezoqoqosho. Ngapha koko, ekusebenzeni kweyunithi, okoko nje umgangatho wamanzi ulawulwa ngempumelelo, ulawulo olusemgangathweni lomelezwe, kwaye ukumiswa kobumdaka kuthintelwe, ifuthe lokungasebenzi kwenkqubo yamanzi lilawulwa kakuhle.
Xa ukunyuka kwesikali kwenza ukuba kungenzeki iindlela eziqhelekileyo ukujongana nayo, kungafakwa izixhobo zokuchitha ixesha lokuphola kunye nokuchitheka kwexeshana, ezinje ngezixhobo zokuchitha ixesha le-elektrosnic, njl.
Emva kwesikali, uthuli kunye ne-algae iqhotyoshelwe, ukugqitha ubushushu bokudlulisela ubushushu betyhubhu ityhubhu ye-ratly, enciphisa ukusebenza kweyunithi.
Ukuthintela ukuphiliswa kunye nokukhutshwa kwamanzi efrijini ngexesha lokusebenza, zimbini iintlobo zeenkqubo zamanzi zefriji: Umjikelo ovulekileyo kunye nomjikelo ovaliweyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo sisebenzisa umjikelo ovaliweyo. Kuba sisiphaluka esitywiniweyo, ukugxininisa kunye nokuxinana akuyi kwenzeka. Kwangelo xesha, umoya ojikeleze, uthuli, njl njl. Amanzi kwi-Evaporator i-Evaporator kuba ubushushu bususwe yifriji xa ikhutshiwe kwi-Evaporator enkulu kunobufundisi-friji kangako anokubonelela ngendawo yokucoca amanzi aphantsi kunye namanzi. Abanini zithuthi kufuneka banikele ingqalelo kumanqaku alandelayo ngexesha lokusebenza:
1. Ingaba impahla yokuhamba ingena kwi-Evaporator ihambelana ne-injini ephambili ye-injini enkulu, ngakumbi ukuba ivolumu yefriji ezininzi isetyenziswa ngokuhambelana, okanye nokuba ivolumu yamanzi ayilungelelani, okanye impompo yamanzi isebenza. Iqela lomatshini liyathandabuza. Okwangoku, abavelisi be-croner chillers ikakhulu basebenzisa ubutshijolo bokuhamba kwamanzi ukuze bagwebe ukuba amanzi ayafakwa. Ukukhethwa kweevenkile zokuhamba kwamanzi kufuneka zihambelane nenqanaba lokuqukwa kwemali. Iiyunithi ezinemiqathango zinokuxhotyiswa ngamantshontsho engozi yokuhamba.
2. Umamkeli we-chiller chiller chiller uxhotywe ngesixhobo sokukhusela amaqondo obushushu asezantsi. Xa ubushushu bamanzi efrijini bungaphantsi kwe- + 4 ° C, umamkeli uya kuyeka ukubaleka. Xa umqhubi ebaleka okokuqala ehlotyeni minyaka le, kuya kufuneka akhangele ukuba ngaba ukukhusela amaqondo obushushu okuphantsi kwemisebenzi yamanzi efrijini kwaye nokuba ixabiso lokugcina amaqondo linexabiso lichanekile.
3. Ngexesha lokusebenza kwenkqubo yokupaka i-chiller chill chill chill chill, ukuba impompo yamanzi ime ngequbuliso ibaleka, injini ephambili kufuneka iyeke ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba ubushushu bamanzi kwi-Evaporator usaqhubeka ngokukhawuleza, amanyathelo kufuneka athathwe, njengokuvala ivali yokukhupha amanzi angeyonyani, ukuvula ivalve ye-Evaporator ngokufanelekileyo, ukuze amanzi akhuphe amanzi anokuhamba kwaye athintele amanzi kwi-freezy.
4. Xa iYunithi ye-Chiller iyeka ukubaleka, kufuneka iqhutywa ngokweenkqubo zokusebenza. Ukumisa kuqala injini ephambili, linda imizuzu engaphezulu kweshumi, emva koko uyeke impompo yamanzi efrijini.
I-5. Ukuhamba kwamanzi kwicandelo lokukhupha kunye nokukhusela amaqondo obushushu asezantsi kwamanzi efrijiki kuya kususwa.
IXESHA LOKUQALA: UMar-09-2023
