Kukho iinkqubo ezintathu zokujikeleza kwiiyunithi zefriji yefriji, kwaye iingxaki zesikali zivame ukwenzeka kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokujikeleza, ezifana nenkqubo yokujikeleza kwefriji, inkqubo yokujikeleza kwamanzi, kunye nenkqubo yokulawula ukujikeleza kwe-elektroniki. Iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokujikeleza zifuna intsebenziswano ecwangcisiweyo ukufezekisa injongo yomsebenzi ozinzile.
Ngoko ke, kuyimfuneko ukugcina inkqubo nganye ngaphakathi koluhlu oluqhelekileyo lokusebenza. Nangona ukusebenza kwezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zefriji eziveliswa ekhaya zizinzile, ukuba ukugcinwa okuyimfuneko kunye nokugcinwa akwenziwanga ixesha elide, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kukhokelela kwinani elikhulu leengxaki zesikali. Akukona nje ukukhokelela ekuvinjweni kwezixhobo, kodwa kuchaphazela nokuhamba kwamanzi kwezixhobo.
Inefuthe elibi kakhulu ekusebenzeni ngokubanzi kweeyunithi zokukhenkcisa kwimizi-mveliso, kwaye ide inciphise ubomi obupheleleyo beeyunithi zesikhenkcisi semizi-mveliso. Ke ngoko, ukucoca isikali ngexesha kubaluleke kakhulu kwiiyunithi zefriji yefektri.
1. Kutheni ifriji inesikali?
Amacandelo aphambili okulinganisa kwinkqubo yamanzi okupholisa i-calcium salts kunye neetyuwa ze-magnesium, kunye ne-solubility yazo iyancipha ngokunyuka kweqondo lokushisa; xa amanzi okupholisa edibana nomphezulu wobushushu, ukunyusa iidiphozithi kumphezulu wobushushu.
Kukho iimeko ezine zokungcola kwefriji:
(1) ICrystallization yeetyuwa kwisisombululo esine-supersaturated enamalungu amaninzi.
(2) Ukubekwa kwee-colloids eziphilayo kunye ne-colloids yamaminerali.
(3) Ukudityaniswa kwamasuntswana aqinileyo ezinto ezithile ezinamaqondo ahlukeneyo okusasazwa.
(4) I-Electrochemical corrosion yezinto ezithile kunye ne-microbial production, njl. Imvula yale mixube iyona nto iphambili yokunyuka, kunye neemeko zokuvelisa imvula yesigaba esiqinileyo yile: ukunyibilika kweetyuwa ezithile kuncipha ngokunyuka kobushushu. Ezifana neCa (HCO3) 2, CaCO3, Ca (OH) 2, CaSO4, MgCO3, Mg (OH) 2, njl. Okwesibini, njengoko amanzi ephuphuma, ukuxinwa kweetyuwa ezinyibilikileyo emanzini kuyanda, kufikelela kwinqanaba le-supersaturation. . Ukusabela kwemichiza kwenzeka kumanzi ashushu, okanye ii-ion ezithile zenza ezinye iiyoni zetyuwa ezinganyibilikiyo.
Kwiityuwa ezithile ezihlangabezana nale miqathango ingentla, i-buds yasekuqaleni ifakwe kuqala kwindawo yesinyithi, kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe ibe ngamasuntswana. Ine-amorphous okanye i-latent crystal structure kunye ne-aggregates ukwenza iikristale okanye amaqoqo. Iityuwa zeBicarbonate yeyona nto ibangela ukunyuswa kwamanzi apholileyo. Oku kungenxa yokuba i-calcium carbonate enzima ilahlekelwa yibhalansi ngexesha lokufudumeza kwaye ibole ibe yi-calcium carbonate, i-carbon dioxide kunye namanzi. Icalcium carbonate, kwelinye icala, ayinyibiliki kangako kwaye ke idipozithi kumphezulu wezixhobo zokupholisa. Ngoku:
Ca(HCO3)2=CaCO3↓+H2O+CO2↑.
Ukuqulunqwa kwesikali ebusweni bomtshintshi wokushisa kuya kutshabalalisa izixhobo kunye nokunciphisa ubomi benkonzo yezixhobo; okwesibini, kuya kuthintela ukuhanjiswa kobushushu bomtshintshi wobushushu kunye nokunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle.
2. Ukususwa kwesikali kwifriji
1. Ukuhlelwa kweendlela zokunciphisa
Iindlela zokususa isikali kumphezulu wabatshintshisi bobushushu ziquka ukwehla kwezandla, ukuhla ngoomatshini, ukuhla kweekhemikhali kunye nokuhla emzimbeni.
Ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokunciphisa. Ukunciphisa umzimba kunye neendlela zokuchasa ukulinganisa zilungile, kodwa ngenxa yomgaqo osebenzayo wezixhobo eziqhelekileyo zokunciphisa i-elektroniki, kukho iimeko apho umphumo ungafanelekanga, njenge:
(1). Ukuqina kwamanzi kuyahluka kwiindawo ngeendawo.
(2). Ubulukhuni bamanzi beyunithi iyatshintsha ngexesha lokusebenza, kunye nemvula ekhanyayo ye-electronic descaling isixhobo inokuqulunqa isicwangciso esifanelekileyo sokuhla ngokuhambelana neesampuli zamanzi ezithunyelwe ngumvelisi, ukwenzela ukuba i-descaling ayisayi kuba nexhala malunga nezinye iimpembelelo;
(3). Ukuba umqhubi akawuhoyi umsebenzi wokuvuthuza, umphezulu wesitshintshi sobushushu usaza kulinganiswa.
Indlela yokunciphisa imichiza inokuqwalaselwa kuphela xa isiphumo sokutshintshwa kobushushu beyunithi sihlwempuzekile kwaye ukulinganisa kunzulu, kodwa kuya kuchaphazela izixhobo, ngoko ke kuyimfuneko ukukhusela umonakalo kwi-galvanized layer kwaye kuchaphazela ubomi benkonzo yezixhobo. .
2. Indlela yokususa udaka
Udaka lwenziwe ikakhulu ngamaqela emicrobial afana neebhaktheriya kunye ne-algae enyibilikayo kwaye iphindaphindeke emanzini, ixutywe nodaka, isanti, uthuli, njl njl ukwenza udaka oluthambileyo. Ibangela ukubola kwimibhobho, inciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokwandisa ukuchasana nokuhamba, ukunciphisa ukuhamba kwamanzi. Zininzi iindlela zokujongana nayo. Unokongeza i-coagulant ukwenza umcimbi omisiweyo kwi-condense yamanzi ejikelezayo kwiintyatyambo ze-alum ezikhululekile kwaye uhlale phantsi kwe-sump, enokususwa ngokukhutshwa kwamanzi amdaka; unokongeza i-dispersant ukwenza iinqununu ezimisiweyo zihlakazeke emanzini ngaphandle kokucwila; Ukubunjwa kwe-sludge kunokunyanzeliswa ngokudibanisa i-filtration yecala okanye ngokufaka ezinye iziyobisi ukuvimbela okanye ukubulala i-microorganisms.
3. Indlela yokwehlisa umhlwa
Ukutya kubangelwa ikakhulu ludaka kunye neemveliso zomhlwa ezincamathela kumphezulu wetyhubhu yokudlulisa ubushushu ukuze zenze ibhetri yoxinaniso lweoksijini kwaye umhlwa wenzeka. Ngenxa yenkqubela phambili ye-corrosion, umonakalo wetyhubhu yokudlulisa ukushisa kuya kubangela ukungaphumeleli okukhulu kweyunithi, kwaye umthamo wokupholisa uya kuhla. Iyunithi inokuchithwa, ibangele abasebenzisi ukuba bathwale ilahleko enkulu yezoqoqosho. Enyanisweni, ekusebenzeni kweyunithi, ngokude nje umgangatho wamanzi ulawulwa ngokufanelekileyo, ulawulo lomgangatho wamanzi luqiniswa, kwaye ukubunjwa kokungcola kuthintelwe, impembelelo yokubola kwindlela yamanzi yeyunithi inokulawulwa kakuhle. .
Xa ukunyuka kwesikali kwenza kube nzima ukusebenzisa iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokujongana nayo, izixhobo zokunciphisa umzimba zingafakelwa imisebenzi yokulwa nokunciphisa, njengezixhobo zokuhla kwe-elektroniki, i-magnetic vibration ultrasonic descaling equipment, njl.
Emva komlinganiselo, uthuli kunye ne-algae ziqhotyoshelweyo, ukusebenza kokutshintshwa kobushushu kwityhubhu yokudlulisa ukushisa kwehla ngokukhawuleza, okunciphisa ukusebenza ngokubanzi kweyunithi.
Ukuthintela ukunyuswa kunye nokuqhwala kwamanzi efrijini kwi-evaporator ngexesha lokusebenza, kukho iintlobo ezimbini zeenkqubo zamanzi eziqandisiweyo: umjikelezo ovulekileyo kunye nomjikelezo ovaliweyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo sisebenzisa umjikelo ovaliweyo. Ngenxa yokuba yisekethe etywiniweyo, ukuphuphuma komphunga kunye nokugxila akuyi kwenzeka. Ngelo xesha, i-atmosphere I-sediment, uthuli, njl. emanzini akuyi kuxutywa emanzini, kwaye ukunyuswa kwamanzi efrijini kuncinci, ngokukodwa kuqwalaselwe ukukhenkceza kwamanzi efriji. Amanzi akwi-evaporator aya kuba ngumkhenkce ngenxa yokuba ubushushu obuthatyathwa sisikhenkcisi xa singumphunga bukhulu kunobushushu obunokubonelela ngamanzi anesikhenkcisi aqukuqela ngomphunga, ukuze ubushushu bamanzi efriji buwele ngaphantsi kwendawo yokukhenkceza kwaye amanzi aba ngumkhenkce. Abaqhubi kufuneka banikele ingqalelo kula manqaku alandelayo ngexesha lokusebenza:
1. Ingaba izinga lokuhamba lokungena kwi-evaporator lihambelana nesantya sokuhamba kwe-injini engundoqo, ngakumbi ukuba iiyunithi ezininzi zefriji zisetyenziselwa ngokufanayo, nokuba umthamo wamanzi ongena kwiyunithi nganye awulingani, okanye ingaba umthamo wamanzi weyunithi kunye impompo isebenza umntu-on-one. Iqela lomatshini le-shunt phenomenon. Okwangoku, abavelisi be-bromine chillers basebenzisa kakhulu iiswitshi zokuhamba kwamanzi ukugweba ukuba kukho ukungena kwamanzi. Ukukhethwa kokutshintsha kokuhamba kwamanzi kufuneka kuhambelane nezinga lokuhamba elilinganisiweyo. Iiyunithi ezinemiqathango zinokuxhotyiswa ngeevalvu eziguquguqukayo zokulinganisa ukuhamba.
2. Umninimzi we-bromine chiller uxhotyiswe ngesixhobo sokukhusela ubushushu obuphantsi bamanzi efriji. Xa iqondo lokushisa lamanzi efriji lingaphantsi kwe-4 ° C, umninimzi uya kuyeka ukusebenza. Xa umqhubi eqhuba okokuqala ehlotyeni rhoqo ngonyaka, kufuneka ahlole ukuba ukhuseleko oluphantsi lokushisa kwamanzi efriji lusebenza kwaye ukuba ixabiso lokubeka ubushushu lichanekile.
3. Ngethuba lokusebenza kwe-bromine chiller air-conditioning system, ukuba impompo yamanzi ngokukhawuleza iyeka ukusebenza, injini enkulu kufuneka imiswe ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba ubushushu bamanzi kwi-evaporator lusahla ngokukhawuleza, amanyathelo kufuneka athathwe, njengokuvala ivalve yokuphuma kwamanzi efriji ye-evaporator, ukuvula ivalve yokukhupha i-evaporator ngokufanelekileyo, ukuze amanzi akwi-evaporator akwazi ukuhamba kwaye athintele amanzi. ukusuka kwiqhwa.
4. Xa iyunithi ye-bromine chiller iyeka ukusebenza, kufuneka iqhutywe ngokweenkqubo zokusebenza. Qala umise i-injini engundoqo, linda ngaphezu kwemizuzu elishumi, uze umise impompo yamanzi efriji.
5. Ukutshintshwa kwamanzi okuhamba kwamanzi kwiyunithi yefriji kunye nokukhuselwa kweqondo eliphantsi lokushisa kwamanzi efrijini akunakususwa ngokuthanda.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-09-2023
