Inkqubo yokukhenkcisa ligama eliqhelekileyo lezixhobo kunye nemibhobho apho i-refrigerant ihamba khona, kuquka ii-compressors, ii-condenser, izixhobo zokuthomalalisa, ii-evaporators, imibhobho kunye nezixhobo ezincedisayo. Yinkqubo ephambili yezixhobo zomoya opholileyo, izixhobo zokuphola kunye nezikhenkcisa.
Kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zeengxaki zokuvaleka kwenkqubo yokufriji, ezifana nokuvaleka komkhenkce, ukuvaleka okungcolileyo, kunye nokuvaleka kweoyile. Kwivalvu yokutshaja ye-bypass, uphawu luxinzelelo olubi, isandi seyunithi yangaphandle esisebenzayo silula, kwaye akukho sandi solwelo oluhamba kwi-evaporator.
Iimbangela kunye neempawu zokuvaleka komkhenkce
Iimpazamo zokuvaleka komkhenkce zibangelwa kukufuma okugqithisileyo kwinkqubo yokukhenkcisa. Ngokujikeleza okuqhubekayo kwefriji, ukufuma kwinkqubo yokukhenkcisa kugxila kancinci kancinci kwindawo yokuphuma kwe-capillary. Ngenxa yokuba ubushushu kwindawo yokuphuma kwe-capillary buphantsi, amanzi ayabanda aze anyuke kancinci kancinci, ukuya kwinqanaba elithile, i-capillary iya kuvaleka ngokupheleleyo, i-refrigerant ayikwazi ukujikeleza, kwaye ifriji ayizukuphola.
Umthombo ophambili womswakama kwinkqubo yokukhenkceza ngulo: iphepha lokugquma iimoto kwicompressor liqulathe umswakama, ongumthombo ophambili womswakama kwinkqubo. Ukongeza, izinto kunye nemibhobho edibanisayo yenkqubo yokukhenkceza zinomswakama oseleyo ngenxa yokomisa okwaneleyo; ioyile yefriji kunye nefriji ziqulathe umswakama ongaphezulu komlinganiselo ovumelekileyo; Zifunxwa liphepha lokugquma iimoto kunye neoyile yokukhenkceza. Ngenxa yezi zizathu zingasentla, umxholo wamanzi kwinkqubo yokukhenkceza udlula ubungakanani obuvumelekileyo benkqubo yokukhenkceza, kwaye kuvalwe umkhenkce. Kwelinye icala, ukuvalwa komkhenkce kuya kubangela ukuba ifriji ingahambi kakuhle, kwaye ifriji ayizukukwazi ukupholisa ngokuqhelekileyo; kwelinye icala, amanzi aya kusabela ngokwekhemikhali kunye nefriji ukuze avelise i-hydrochloric acid kunye ne-hydrogen fluoride, eya kubangela ukubola kwemibhobho yesinyithi kunye nezinto, kwaye ibangele nomonakalo kwi-motor windings. Ukufakelwa komoya kuyonakele, kwaye kwangaxeshanye, kuya kubangela ukuba ioyile yokukhenkceza yonakale kwaye ichaphazele ukuthambisa kwecompressor. Umswakama kwinkqubo ke ngoko kufuneka ugcinwe uncinci.
Iimpawu zokuvaleka komkhenkce kwinkqubo yokukhenkceza kukuba isebenza ngokuqhelekileyo kwinqanaba lokuqala, iqabaka lenziwa kwi-evaporator, i-condenser ichitha ubushushu, iyunithi isebenza kakuhle, kwaye isandi somsebenzi we-refrigerant kwi-evaporator sicacile kwaye sizinzile. Xa kudalwa ukuvaleka komkhenkce, ukuhamba komoya kunokuvakala kancinci kancinci kuncipha kwaye kungenzeki rhoqo. Xa ukuvaleka kukhulu, isandi sokuhamba komoya siyanyamalala, umjikelo we-refrigerant uyaphazamiseka, kwaye i-condenser iphola kancinci kancinci. Ngenxa yokuvaleka, uxinzelelo lokukhupha umoya luyanyuka, isandi somatshini siyanda, akukho refrigerant ingena kwi-evaporator, indawo ye-frosting iyancipha kancinci kancinci, kwaye ubushushu buyanda kancinci kancinci. Kwangaxeshanye, ubushushu be-capillary nabo buyanyuka kunye, ngoko ke ii-ice cubes ziqala ukunyibilika. I-refrigerant iqala ukujikeleza kwakhona. Emva kwexesha elithile, ukuvaleka komkhenkce kuya kuphinda kwenzeke, kwenze into ye-pass-block eyenzeka rhoqo.
Izizathu kunye neempawu zokuvaleka okungcolileyo
Iimpazamo zokuvaleka kokungcola zibangelwa kukungcoliswa okugqithisileyo kwinkqubo yokukhenkceza. Imithombo ephambili yokungcoliswa kwenkqubo zezi: uthuli kunye nokuchetywa kwesinyithi ngexesha lokwenziwa kweefriji, umaleko we-oxide eludongeni lwangaphakathi lwemibhobho ngexesha lokuwelda, umphezulu wangaphakathi nowangaphandle weendawo awucocwa ngexesha lokucubungula, kwaye imibhobho ayivalwanga kakuhle. Kwipayipi, kukho ukungcoliswa kwioyile yomatshini wokukhenkceza kunye nefriji, kunye nomgubo we-desiccant onomgangatho ophantsi kwisihluzo sokomisa. Uninzi lwale ngcoliso kunye neempuphu zisuswa sisihluzo sokomisa xa zihamba ngesihluzo sokomisa, kwaye xa isihluzo sokomisa sinongcoliso oluninzi, ukungcola okuncinci kunye nokungcoliswa kuziswa kwityhubhu ye-capillary yifriji enesantya esiphezulu sokuhamba. Iindawo ezinokuxhathisa okuphezulu ziyaqokelelana kwaye ziqokelelane, kwaye ukuxhathisa kuyanda, okwenza kube lula ukuba ungcoliso luhlale de i-capillary ivalwe kwaye inkqubo yokukhenkceza ingakwazi ukujikeleza. Ukongeza, ukuba umgama phakathi kwe-capillary kunye nesikrini sesihluzo kwisihluzo esomileyo ukufutshane kakhulu, kulula ukubangela ukuvaleka okungcolileyo; ukongeza, xa kudityaniswa i-capillary kunye ne-dry filter, kulula nokudityaniswa kwe-capillary nozzle.
Emva kokuba inkqubo yokukhenkcisa ingcolile kwaye ivaliwe, kuba i-refrigerant ayikwazi ukujikeleza, i-compressor isebenza rhoqo, i-evaporator ayibanda, i-condenser ayishushu, iqokobhe le-compressor alishushu, kwaye akukho sandi sokuhamba komoya kwi-evaporator. Ukuba ivaliwe kancinci, i-evaporator iya kuba nomvakalelo wokubanda okanye ukubanda, kodwa akukho frost. Xa uchukumisa umphezulu ongaphandle we-dry filter kunye ne-capillary, ivakala ibanda kakhulu, kukho i-frost, kwaye kuya kubakho umaleko we-frost emhlophe. Oku kungenxa yokuba xa i-refrigerant idlula kwi-micro-blocked dry filter okanye i-capillary tube, iya kubangela ukugoba kunye nokunciphisa uxinzelelo, ukuze i-refrigerant ehamba nge-blockage ikhule, itshise, kwaye ifunxe ubushushu, okubangela ukufuma okanye ukufuma kumphezulu ongaphandle we-blockage. I-Frost.
Umahluko phakathi kokuvaleka komkhenkce nokuvaleka okungcolileyo: emva kwexesha elithile, ukuvaleka komkhenkce kunokuphinda kuphole, kwenze ukuphindaphindwa kokuvulwa okwethutyana, ukuvaleka okwethutyana, ukuvuleka kwakhona emva kokuba kuvalwe, kunye nokuvaleka kwakhona emva kokuba kuvulwe. Emva kokuba kuvele ibhloko engcolileyo, ayinakufakwa efrijini.
Ukongeza kwii-capillaries ezingcolileyo, ukuba kukho ukungcola okuninzi kwinkqubo, isihluzo esomileyo siya kuvalwa kancinci kancinci. Ngenxa yokuba amandla esihluzo ngokwaso okususa ukungcola kunye nokungcola anqongophele, siya kuvalwa ngenxa yokuqokelelana okuqhubekayo kokungcola.
Ukungaphumeleli kokuvala ioyile kunye nokunye ukungaphumeleli kokuvala imibhobho
Isizathu esiphambili sokufakwa kweoyile kwinkqubo yokukhenkcisa kukuba isilinda yecompressor yonakele kakhulu okanye umsantsa phakathi kwepiston nesilinda mkhulu kakhulu.
Ipetroli ekhutshwa kwicompressor ikhutshwa kwi-condenser, ize ingene kwi-dry filter kunye ne-refrigerant. Ngenxa ye-viscosity ephezulu yeoyile, ivalwa yi-desiccant ekwi-filter. Xa kukho ioyile eninzi kakhulu, iya kwenza i-blockage kwindawo yokungena ye-filter, nto leyo ebangela ukuba i-refrigerant ingakwazi ukujikeleza ngokuqhelekileyo, kwaye i-friji ayipholi.
Isizathu sokuvaleka kweminye imibhobho kukuba: xa umbhobho udityanisiwe, uvalwa yi-solder; okanye xa umbhobho utshintshwa, umbhobho otshintshiweyo ngokwawo uvalwe kwaye awukafunyanwa. Ukuvaleka okungentla kubangelwa zizinto ezisetyenziswa ngabantu, ngoko ke kufuneka ukuba kudityaniswe kwaye kutshintshwe umbhobho, kufuneka kusetyenziswe kwaye kuhlolwe ngokweemfuno, akuyi kubangela ukungaphumeleli kokuvalwa okwenziweyo.
Indlela yokususa ukuvaleka kwenkqubo yokukhenkceza
1 Ukusombulula iingxaki zokuvaleka komkhenkce
Ukuvaleka komkhenkce kwinkqubo yokukhenkcisa kubangelwa kukufuma okugqithisileyo kwinkqubo, ngoko ke yonke inkqubo yokukhenkcisa kufuneka yomiswe. Kukho iindlela ezimbini zokuyilungisa:
1. Sebenzisa i-oven yokomisa ukuze ufudumale kwaye womise inxalenye nganye. Susa i-compressor, i-condenser, i-evaporator, i-capillary, kunye nombhobho wokubuyisela umoya kwinkqubo yefriji efrijini, uze uzifake kwi-oven yokomisa ukuze zifudumale kwaye zome. Ubushushu obukwibhokisi bumalunga ne-120°C, ixesha lokomisa ziiyure ezi-4. Emva kokuphola kwendalo, vuthela uze womise nge-nitrogen nganye nganye. Tshintsha ngesihluzo esitsha esomileyo, uze uqhubeke nokuhlanganisa kunye nokuwelda, ukufumanisa ukuvuza koxinzelelo, ukucoca nge-vacuum, ukuzalisa i-refrigerant, ukusebenza kovavanyo kunye nokuvala. Le ndlela yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokusombulula ingxaki yokuvaleka komkhenkce, kodwa isebenza kuphela kwicandelo lewaranti lomenzi wefriji. Amasebe okulungisa ngokubanzi angasebenzisa iindlela ezifana nokufudumeza kunye nokukhupha ukuze kupheliswe iimpazamo zokuvaleka komkhenkce.
2. Sebenzisa ukufudumeza kunye nokucoca nge-vacuum kunye nokucoca nge-vacuum okwesibini ukususa umswakama kwiindawo zenkqubo yokufriji.
2 Ukususwa kweengxaki zokuvaleka okungcolileyo
Kukho iindlela ezimbini zokusombulula ingxaki yokuvaleka kwe-capillary engcolileyo: enye kukusebenzisa i-nitrogen enoxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nezinye iindlela zokukhupha i-capillary evalekileyo. susa. Ukuba i-capillary ivalekile kakhulu kwaye le ndlela ingasentla ayinakuyisusa ingxaki, tshintsha i-capillary ukuze ususe ingxaki, ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
1. Sebenzisa i-nitrogen enoxinzelelo oluphezulu ukuvuthuza ukungcola kwi-capillary: sika umbhobho wokucoca ukuze ukhuphe ulwelo, udibanise i-capillary kwisihluzo esomileyo, uqhagamshele ivalvu yokulungisa eneendlela ezintathu kumbhobho wokucoca we-compressor, uze uyizalise ngoxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-0.6-0.8MPa Nitrogen, uze ulungise i-capillary, uyifudumeze nge-carbonization flame yokuwelda igesi, udibanise ukungcola kwityhubhu, uze uvuthuze ukungcola kwi-capillary phantsi kwesenzo se-nitrogen enoxinzelelo oluphezulu. Emva kokuba i-capillary ingathintelwanga, yongeza i-100 ml ye-carbon tetrachloride yokucoca igesi. I-condenser ingacocwa nge-carbon tetrachloride kwisixhobo sokucoca umbhobho. Emva koko tshintsha isihluzo esomileyo, uze ugcwalise nge-nitrogen ukuze ubone ukuvuza, uvacuum, uze ekugqibeleni ugcwalise nge-refrigerant.
2. Buyisela i-capillary: Ukuba ukungcola okukwi-capillary akunakukhutshwa ngale ndlela ingentla, ungayitshintsha i-capillary kunye ne-low-pressure tube. Okokuqala susa i-low-pressure tube kunye ne-capillary kwi-copper-aluminum joint ye-evaporator nge-gas welding. Ngexesha lokuqhaqha kunye ne-welding, i-copper-aluminum joint kufuneka isongwe nge-cotton warn emanzi ukuthintela i-aluminium tube ukuba ingatshi kubushushu obuphezulu.
Xa kutshintshwa ityhubhu ye-capillary, kufuneka kulinganiswe isantya sokuhamba kwamanzi. Indawo yokuphuma kwetyhubhu ye-capillary akufuneki idityaniswe kwindawo yokungena ye-evaporator. Faka ivalvu yokutrim kunye ne-pressure gauge kwindawo yokungena kunye nendawo yokungena ye-compressor. Xa uxinzelelo lwangaphandle lomoya lulingana, uxinzelelo olubonisa i-high pressure gauge kufuneka luzinze kwi-1 ~ 1.2MPa. Ukuba uxinzelelo ludlula, kuthetha ukuba isantya sokuhamba kwamanzi sincinci kakhulu, kwaye icandelo le-capillary linganqunyulwa de uxinzelelo lufanele. Ukuba uxinzelelo luphantsi kakhulu, kuthetha ukuba isantya sokuhamba kwamanzi sikhulu kakhulu. Ungayisonga i-capillary amaxesha amaninzi ukuze wonyuse ukumelana kwe-capillary, okanye utshintshe i-capillary. Emva kokuba uxinzelelo lufanelekile, yidibanise i-capillary kumbhobho wokungena we-evaporator.
Xa kudityaniswa i-capillary entsha, ubude obufakwe kwi-copper-aluminium joint kufuneka bube malunga ne-4 ukuya kwi-5 cm ukuze kuthintelwe ukuvaleka kwe-welding. Xa i-capillary idityaniswe kwisihluzo esomileyo, ubude bokufakwa kufuneka bube yi-2.5 cm. Ukuba i-capillary ifakwe kakhulu kwisihluzo esomileyo kwaye ikufutshane kakhulu nesikrini sesihluzo, amasuntswana amancinci esihluzo se-molecular aya kungena kwi-capillary aze ayivale. Ukuba i-capillary ifakwe kancinci kakhulu, ukungcola kunye namasuntswana esihluzo se-molecular ngexesha lokudityaniswa kuya kungena kwi-capillary kwaye kuthintele ngokuthe ngqo umjelo we-capillary. Ke ngoko ii-capillaries azifakwanga kwisihluzo kakhulu okanye kancinci kakhulu. Ukuba zininzi kakhulu okanye zincinci kakhulu kudala ingozi yokuvaleka. Umfanekiso 6-11 ubonisa indawo yoqhagamshelo lwe-capillary kunye ne-filter dryer.
3 Ukulungisa iingxaki zokufaka ioyile
Ukungaphumeleli kokufaka ioyile kubonisa ukuba kukho ioyile yomatshini wokukhenkcisa eninzi kakhulu eseleyo kwinkqubo yokukhenkcisa, nto leyo echaphazela isiphumo sokuphola okanye ingaphumeleli nokuba igcinwe efrijini. Ke ngoko, ioyile yomatshini wokukhenkcisa ekwinkqubo kufuneka icocwe.
Xa ioyile yesihluzo ivaliwe, kufuneka kutshintshwe isihluzo esitsha, kwaye kwangaxeshanye, kusetyenziswe initrogen enoxinzelelo oluphezulu ukuze kuphulwe inxalenye yeoyile yomatshini wokukhenkcisa eqokelelene kwi-condenser, kwaye kusetyenziswe isomisi seenwele ukufudumeza i-condenser xa kungeniswa i-nitrogen.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Matshi-06-2023
