Ukuqandisa: Inkqubo yokusebenzisa umthombo wobushushu obuphantsi obuveliswa yifriji ukuze upholise imveliso kubushushu obuqhelekileyo uze uyiqandise.
Ukukhenkceza: Inkqubo yokusebenza yokufumana umthombo wobushushu obuphantsi ngokusebenzisa utshintsho lwemeko yomzimba yekhenkcezisi ukuze kufunyanwe umthombo wobushushu obuphantsi ngesiphumo sokupholisa.
Iintlobo zezixhobo zokukhenkcisa: imveliso yomthombo obandayo (ukukhenkcisa), ukukhenkcisa izinto, ukupholisa.
Indlela yokukhenkcisa: uhlobo lwepiston, uhlobo lweskrubu, iyunithi yecompressor yokukhenkcisa ye-centrifugal, iyunithi yokukhenkcisa yokufunxa, iyunithi yokukhenkcisa yejethi yomphunga kunye ne-nitrogen engamanzi.
Indlela yokuqandisa: ipholiswe ngumoya, intywiliswe emanzini ize ifrijiwe ngetyhubhu yesinyithi, udonga kunye nesixhobo sokupholisa ubushushu esidityaniswe nezinto.
isicelo:
1. Ukuthuthwa kokutya okuqandisiweyo, okufrijiweyo nokuqandisiweyo.
2. Ukupholisa, ukupholisa, ukugcina nokupholisa iimveliso zezolimo nokutya nge-air conditioner.
3. Ukulungiswa kokutya, okufana nokomisa ngekhenkcezisi, ukugxila kwikhenkcezisi kunye nokupholisa izinto.
4. Umoya opholileyo kwiindawo zokulungisa ukutya.
Umgaqo womjikelo wokukhenkceza
Izixhobo eziphambili: i-compressor yefriji, i-condenser, i-expansion valve, i-evaporator.
Umgaqo womjikelo wefriji: Ifriji ifunxa ubushushu ize ifikelele kwinqanaba lokubila xa ikwimeko yobushushu obuphantsi kunye noxinzelelo oluphantsi, ize emva koko ifunxe ibe ngumphunga ophantsi kunye noxinzelelo oluphantsi. Ifriji ifunxe ibe yigesi iba yigesi yobushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu phantsi kwesenzo secompressor, kwaye ubushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu zijiya zibe lulwelo oluphezulu. Emva kwevalvu yokwandisa, iba lulwelo oluphantsi loxinzelelo oluphantsi, kwaye ifunxe ubushushu kwaye ifunxe kwakhona ukuze yenze umjikelo wefriji yefriji.
Iingcamango neMigaqo eSiseko
Umthamo wefriji: Phantsi kweemeko ezithile zokusebenza (oko kukuthi, ubushushu obuthile bokufuma kwefriji, ubushushu bokufuma, ubushushu bokupholisa), ubungakanani bobushushu obukhutshwa yifriji kwinto eqandisiweyo ngexesha ngalinye. Ikwaziwa njengomthamo wokupholisa wefriji. Phantsi kweemeko ezifanayo, umthamo wokupholisa wefriji efanayo unxulumene nobukhulu, isantya kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwecompressor.
Ukuphola ngqo: Kwixesha lokuphola, ukuba i-refrigerant ifunxa ubushushu, i-evaporator itshintshiselana ngqo nobushushu nento eza kuphola okanye imeko-bume ejikeleze into eza kuphola. Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziswa kwizixhobo zokuphola ezifuna ukupholisa kwimizi-mveliso, ezifana nee-ayisikhrim freezers, iindawo zokugcina izinto ezincinci kunye neefriji zasekhaya.
Ifriji: Into esebenzayo ejikeleza rhoqo kwisixhobo sokufriji ukuze ifrijiwe. Isixhobo sokufriji esicinezela umphunga senza ukuba ubushushu budlule ngokutshintsha kwesimo sefrijiwe. Ifrijiwe yinto efunekayo ukuze kufrijiwe okwenziweyo.
Iifriji ezisetyenziswa rhoqo
Iifriji ezisetyenziswa rhoqo: umoya, amanzi, amanzi anetyuwa kunye nesisombululo samanzi aphilayo.
Iikhrayitheriya zokukhetha: indawo yokukhenkceza ephantsi, umthamo omkhulu wobushushu, akukho mhlwa wesinyithi, uzinzo lweekhemikhali, ixabiso eliphantsi kunye nokufumaneka lula.
Nangona umoya njengefriji unezibonelelo ezininzi, usetyenziswa kuphela ngendlela yokunxibelelana ngqo nokutya xa kusenziwa ifriji okanye xa kusenziwa ifriji ngenxa yokuba ubushushu bawo buncinci kwaye awunamandla okudlulisa ubushushu xa usetyenziswa njengegesi.
Amanzi anobushushu obukhulu, kodwa anendawo yokukhenkceza ephezulu, ngoko ke angasetyenziswa kuphela njengefriji yokulungiselela umthamo wokupholisa ongaphezulu kwe-0 °C. Ukuba umthamo wokupholisa ongaphantsi kwe-0 °C uza kulungiswa, isisombululo se-brine okanye se-organic sisetyenziswa njengefriji.
Izisombululo zamanzi ze-sodium chloride, i-calcium chloride kunye ne-magnesium chloride zidla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-frozen brine. I-frozen brine esetyenziswa kakhulu kwishishini lokutya yi-sodium chloride aqueous solution. Phakathi kwezisombululo ze-organic refrigerants, ezona zimbini zibalulekileyo. Sisisombululo samanzi se-ethylene glycol kunye ne-propylene glycol.
Isixhobo esiphambili sezixhobo zokufudumeza zepiston
Umsebenzi: Isetyenziselwa ukucinezela i-refrigerant ukuze isebenze, ifumane amandla, ize emva koko ijiye kwaye yande ukuze yenze umthombo obandayo onokufunxa ubushushu.
Indlela yokumelwa kwemodeli: inani leesilinda, uhlobo lwefriji esetyenzisiweyo, uhlobo lwelungiselelo lesilinda, kunye nobubanzi besilinda.
Ulwakhiwo: Ibhloko yesilinda, isilinda, ipiston, intonga yokudibanisa, i-crankshaft, i-crankcase, iivalvu zokungenisa kunye nezokukhupha, i-false cover, njl.njl.
Inkqubo yokusebenza: Xa i-piston isiya phezulu, i-suction valve iyavulwa, kwaye umphunga we-refrigerant ungena kwi-cylinder ekwinxalenye ephezulu ye-piston nge-suction valve. Xa i-piston isiya phezulu, i-suction valve iyavalwa, i-piston iyaqhubeka nokunyuka, kwaye i-refrigerant ekwi-cylinder. Icinezelwe, xa uxinzelelo lomoya lufikelela kwinqanaba elithile, i-exhaust valve yesigqubuthelo sobuxoki iyavulwa, kwaye umphunga we-refrigerant ukhutshwa kwi-cylinder kwaye ucinezelwe kwipayipi yoxinzelelo oluphezulu.
Iimpawu: Isakhiwo esilula, kulula ukusenza, siyakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo, sisebenza ngokuzinzileyo kwaye kulula ukusigcina sisebenza.
i-condenser
Umsebenzi: umtshintshi wobushushu, oguqula umphunga oshushu kakhulu wefriji ube lulwelo ngokuwupholisa nokuwupholisa.
Uhlobo: iqokobhe elithe tye kunye netyhubhu, iqokobhe elithe nkqo kunye netyhubhu, isitshizi samanzi, i-evaporative, ukupholisa umoya
Inkqubo yokusebenza: Umphunga wefriji oshushu kakhulu ungena kwi-condenser ukusuka kwinxalenye ephezulu yeqokobhe uze uqhagamshelane nomphezulu obandayo wetyhubhu, uze ujike ube yifilimu engamanzi kuyo. Phantsi kwesenzo somxhuzulane, i-condensate ityibilika eludongeni lwetyhubhu ize yahlukane nodonga lwetyhubhu.
I-evaporator yokutshiza ngamanzi ine-reservoir engamanzi, umbhobho wokupholisa, kunye netanki yokuhambisa amanzi.
Inkqubo yokusebenza: Amanzi okupholisa angena kwitanki yokuhambisa amanzi esuka phezulu, aze aqukuqele kumphezulu ongaphandle wetyhubhu ejikelezileyo ngetanki yokuhambisa amanzi. Inxalenye yamanzi iyaphela, ize yonke enye iwele echibini lamanzi. Umzantsi wepayipi efihlakeleyo engaphantsi komqolo ungena kwipayipi, kwaye xa iphakama ecaleni kombhobho, iyapholiswa kwaye incitshiswe, ize iqukuqele kwidama lolwelo.
Ivalvu yokwandisa
Umsebenzi: ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwe-refrigerant kunye nokulawula ukuhamba kwe-refrigerant. Xa i-refrigerant yolwelo olunoxinzelelo oluphezulu idlula kwi-expansion valve, uxinzelelo lwe-condensation luyehla kakhulu luye kuxinzelelo lwe-evaporating, kwaye kwangaxeshanye, i-refrigerant yolwelo iyabila kwaye ifunxe ubushushu, kwaye ubushushu bayo buyehla.
Ivalvu yokwandisa ubushushu: Isebenzisa iqondo lobushushu obuphezulu lomphunga kwindawo yokuphuma kwe-evaporator ukulungisa i-refrigerant. Phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo zokusebenza kweyunithi yokufriji, uxinzelelo lokuphalaza kwento yokubonelela lulingana nesixa soxinzelelo lwegesi phantsi kwe-diaphragm kunye noxinzelelo lwentwasahlobo, kwaye ikwimeko yokulingana. Ukubonelela okwaneleyo kwe-refrigerant kubangela ukuba umphunga ubuyele kwindawo yokuphuma ye-evaporator, iqondo lobushushu obuphezulu liyanda, ubushushu be-sensor yobushushu buyanda, i-diaphragm iyehla, kwaye ukuvulwa kwendawo yokuphuma kuyanda de inani lolwelo olunikiweyo lilingane nobungakanani bokufuma, kwaye emva koko ubushushu be-sensor yobushushu buyanda. Ke ngoko, ivalvu yokwandisa ubushushu ingayilungisa ngokuzenzekelayo iqondo lokuvula levalvu, kwaye umthamo wonikezelo lolwelo unokunyuka okanye wehle ngokuzenzekelayo ngomthwalo, nto leyo enokuqinisekisa ukuba indawo yokufudumeza ye-evaporator isetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo.
Umphunga
Umsebenzi: I-refrigerant ifunxa ubushushu besixhobo sokupholisa.
Ulwahlulo: Ngokwendalo yesixhobo sokupholisa, sahlulwe saba ngamaqela amathathu.
1. I-evaporator yokupholisa i-refrigerant engamanzi: efana ne-water cooler, i-brine cooler, njl. I-refrigerant ifunxa ubushushu ngaphandle kwe-tube, kwaye i-liquid refrigerant ijikeleza kwi-tube ngepompo yolwelo. Yahlulwe ngohlobo lwe-tube ethe tye, uhlobo lwe-tube ethe nkqo, uhlobo lwe-spiral tube kunye nohlobo lwe-coil ngokwesakhiwo.
2. I-Evaporator yokupholisa umoya: i-refrigerant iyaphuma kwityhubhu, umoya uphuma ngaphandle, kwaye ukuhamba komoya kungokwe-convection yendalo
3. Isixhobo sokukhupha ubushushu esidibanisa izinto ezikhenkcezisiweyo: Isixhobo sokupholisa siyaphela kwelinye icala lesahlulo sokudlulisa ubushushu, kwaye elinye icala lesahlulo lidibana ngqo nezinto ezikhenkcezisiweyo okanye ezikhenkcezisiweyo.
Iimpawu: isiphumo esihle sokudlulisa ubushushu, ulwakhiwo olulula, indawo encinci, kunye nokungaboli kangako kwizixhobo ngenxa yenkqubo yokujikeleza efrijini evaliweyo.
Ingxaki: Xa ipompo yetyuwa iyeka ukusebenza ngenxa yokungasebenzi kakuhle, kusenokubakho ukukhenkceza, nto leyo ebangela ukuba iqela letyhubhu liqhekeke.
umbhobho wokupholisa
Umbhobho wokupholisa othe nkqo
Iingenelo: Emva kokuba i-refrigerant ivuthwe, kulula ukuyikhupha, kwaye isiphumo sokudlulisa ubushushu silungile, kodwa xa umbhobho wokukhupha umoya uphezulu, ubushushu bokufuma be-refrigerant esezantsi buphezulu ngenxa yoxinzelelo olungaguqukiyo lwekholamu yolwelo.
Umbhobho wodonga wohlobo lwekhoyili yomqolo omnye:
Iingenelo: Ubungakanani be-refrigerant ezaliswe yi-refrigerant buncinci, malunga ne-50% yomthamo wombhobho wokukhupha umoya, kodwa i-refrigerant ayizukukhutshwa ngokukhawuleza kumbhobho emva kokufuma, nto leyo enciphisa isiphumo sokudluliselwa kobushushu.
Ityhubhu egobileyo:
Iingenelo: indawo enkulu yokusasaza ubushushu.
Izixhobo ezincedisayo zezixhobo zokufudumeza ezicinezelweyo zepiston
isahluli seoyile
Umsebenzi: Isetyenziselwa ukwahlula ioyile yokuthambisa efakwe kulwelo oluxinzelelweyo kunye negesi ukuthintela ioyile yokuthambisa ukuba ingangeni kwi-condenser kwaye yonakalise iimeko zokudluliselwa kobushushu.
Umgaqo wokusebenza: Ngokusebenzisa iinxalenye ezahlukeneyo zamaconsi eoli kunye nomphunga wefriji, izinga lokuhamba liyancitshiswa ngokunyusa ububanzi bombhobho, kwaye indlela yokuhamba kwefriji iyatshintshwa; okanye ngamandla e-centrifugal, amaconsi eoli ayahlala kubushushu bomphunga. Kwioyile yokuthambisa ekwimeko yomphunga, ubushushu bomphunga buyancitshiswa ngokuhlanjwa okanye ukupholisa, ukuze ijike ibe ngamaconsi eoli kwaye yahlukane. Isihluzi sokwahlula ioyile sifakwa efrijini yiFreon.
Umsebenzi womqokeleli weoyile: uqokelela umxube wefriji kunye neoyile owahlulwe kwisihlukanisi seoyile, i-condenser kunye nezinye izixhobo zenkqubo yokukhenkcisa, aze emva koko ahlukanise ioyile kwisikhenkcisi esixutyiweyo phantsi koxinzelelo oluphantsi, aze emva koko azikhuphe ngokwahlukeneyo. Ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lokukhutshwa kweoyile, ioyile inciphisa ukulahleka kwefriji.
Umsebenzi wesixhobo sokwamkela ulwelo kukugcina nokulungisa ifriji yolwelo enikezelwa kwicandelo ngalinye lenkqubo yokufriji ukuze ihlangabezane nokusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kobonelelo lolwelo lwezixhobo. Isixhobo sokuqokelela ulwelo sahlulwe saba sisixhobo soxinzelelo oluphezulu, esiphantsi koxinzelelo, esikhupha amanzi kunye nesixhobo sokugcina ulwelo olujikelezayo.
Umsebenzi wokwahlulahlula igesi nolwelo: hlula i-refrigerant kwi-evaporator ukuthintela ulwelo lwe-refrigerant ukuba lungangeni kwi-compressor kwaye lubethe isilinda; hlula umphunga ongasebenziyo kulwelo lwe-ammonia oluphantsi koxinzelelo emva kokubhoboza ukuphucula isiphumo sokudlulisa ubushushu se-evaporator.
Indima yokwahlulahlula umoya: ukwahlula nokukhupha igesi engangenisi umoya kwinkqubo ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwenkqubo yokukhenkceza.
Indima ye-intercooler: ifakwe kwinkqubo yokuphola yoxinzelelo enamanqanaba amabini (okanye amanqanaba amaninzi) ukuze ipholise igesi eshushu kakhulu ekhutshwa kwi-low-pressure stage compression ukuze iphole phakathi kwamanqanaba ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwe-high-pressure stage compressor; Ioyile yokuthambisa eqeqeshwe ngaphakathi kunye ne-coolant yenza i-refrigerant ifumane umsebenzi wokupholisa kancinci.
Indawo yokugcina izinto ezibandayo
Udidi:
Indawo yokugcina izinto ezibandayo enkulu (ngaphezulu kwe-5000t); indawo yokugcina izinto ezibandayo ephakathi (1500 ~ 5000t); indawo yokugcina izinto ezibandayo encinci (ngaphantsi kwe-1500t).
Ngokweemfuno zokusetyenziswa:
Ukugcina ebandayo kubushushu obuphezulu: ikakhulu efrijini iziqhamo, imifuno, amaqanda amatsha kunye nokunye ukutya, ubushushu bokugcina ngokubanzi yi-4 ~ -2 ℃;
Ukugcinwa kwento ebandayo kubushushu obuphantsi: ikakhulu inyama eqandisiweyo neqandisiweyo, iimveliso zasemanzini, njl., ubushushu bokugcina ngokubanzi yi -18 ~ -30 ℃;
Indawo yokugcina izinto enomoya opholileyo: irayisi egciniweyo, iinoodles, izinto zonyango, iwayini, njl. phantsi kweemeko zobushushu eziqhelekileyo, ubushushu bendawo yokugcina izinto ngokubanzi yi-10 ~ 15 ℃
Izixhobo zokuqandisa ngokukhawuleza: Zifanelekile ukuqandisa izinto ezincinci ezipakishwe okanye ezingapakishwanga ezifana neebhloko, izilayi, kunye neegranules ukwenza zonke iintlobo zokutya okuqandisa ngokukhawuleza okufana nemfuyo, iimveliso zasemanzini, imifuno, kunye needumplings. Ubushushu bokuqandisa -30 ~ 40 ℃.
I-quick-freezer yohlobo lwebhokisi: Kukho iipleyiti ezininzi ezisicaba ezinokushukuma ezinee-interlayer ebhokisini ezigqunywe ngezinto zokuthintela ubushushu. Ii-evaporation coils zifakelwe kwi-interlayer, kwaye i-brine ingagalelwa phakathi kweetyhubhu, kwaye i-refrigerant idlula kwii-evaporative coils; iimveliso eziqandisiweyo ngokukhawuleza zifakwa phakathi kweepleyiti, kwaye iipleyiti ziyashukunyiswa ukuze zicinezelwe izinto ukuze ziqandiswe.
Umatshini wokuqandisa ngokukhawuleza wohlobo lweTunnel: Uqulathe umzimba wetunnel, i-evaporator, ifeni, i-rack yezinto okanye inethi yokudlulisa yentsimbi engagqwaliyo. Izinto ziqala zidlule kwibhanti ye-mesh yesigaba sokuqala, ebaleka ngokukhawuleza, kwaye umaleko wezinto uncinci, ukuze umphezulu uqandiswe; ibhanti ye-mesh yesigaba sesibini, ebaleka kancinci kwaye inomaleko wezinto ezityebileyo, iqandisa yonke into ukuze ifumane imveliso eqandisiweyo ngokukhawuleza enembewu enye.
Ifriji yokuntywilisela: Izinto eziqandisiweyo ziqhagamshelwa ngqo yigesi enyibilikisiweyo okanye ifriji engamanzi enobushushu obuphantsi kakhulu ukuze kwenziwe imveliso eqandisiweyo ngokukhawuleza. Ukutya kudlula ngokulandelelana kwindawo epholisiweyo ngaphambi kokuba kuphole, kwindawo eqandisiweyo kunye nendawo enobushushu obuphakathi. I-nitrogen engamanzi igcinwa ngaphandle kwetonela kwaye ifakwe kwindawo eqandisiweyo phantsi koxinzelelo oluthile lokutshiza okanye ukuntywilisela. I-nitrogen eyenziwe emva kokuba i-nitrogen engamanzi ifunxa ubushushu isekubushushu obuphantsi kakhulu, -10 ukuya kwi -5 °C, kwaye ithunyelwa kwitonela ngumdlali wefeni. Yiqandisile kwangaphambili kwicandelo elingaphambili. Kwindawo eqandisiweyo, ukutya kuqandisiwe ngokukhawuleza ngokudibana ne-nitrogen engamanzi kwi -200 °C.
Izixhobo zokukhenkcisa umoya opholileyo
Ukugcinwa kwe-atmosphere okulawulwayo: Ukudibanisa ukugcinwa kwe-atmosphere okulawulwayo, ukulawula ubushushu bokugcina kunye nokwakheka kwegesi, ukuze umxholo we-oksijini kunye ne-carbon dioxide kwindawo yokugcina impahla isetyenziswe ikakhulu ekugcineni iziqhamo nemifuno, kwaye kufumaneke isiphumo esihle sokugcina.
Ukulahleka kweemveliso ezigcinwe kwindawo yokugcina izinto kuncinci. Ngokwezibalo, izinga lokulahleka kweemveliso zokugcina izinto ezibandayo yi-21.3%, ngelixa izinga lokulahleka kweemveliso zokugcina izinto ezibandayo ezinomoya opholileyo yi-4.8%.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Jan-26-2022
