1. Zithini iimpawu ze-centrifugal compressors?
I-centrifugal compressor luhlobo lwe-turbo compressor, eneempawu zobungakanani obukhulu begesi yokucubungula, ubungakanani obuncinci, isakhiwo esilula, ukusebenza okuzinzileyo, ukulungiswa okulula, ukungangcoliswa kwegesi yioyile, kunye neendlela ezininzi zokuqhuba ezinokusetyenziswa.
2. Isebenza njani i-centrifugal compressor?
Ngokubanzi, injongo ephambili yokunyusa uxinzelelo lwegesi kukwandisa inani leemolekyuli zegesi ngeyunithi nganye, oko kukuthi, ukunciphisa umgama phakathi kweemolekyuli zegesi kunye neemolekyuli. I-element esebenzayo (i-impeller ejikelezayo ngesantya esiphezulu) yenza umsebenzi kwigesi, ukuze uxinzelelo lwegesi lunyuswe phantsi kwesenzo se-centrifugal, kwaye amandla e-kinetic nawo anyuswe kakhulu. Ukunyusa uxinzelelo lwegesi ngakumbi, lo ngumgaqo osebenzayo we-compressor ye-centrifugal.
3. Ziziphi izinto ezisetyenziswa kakhulu xa kusetyenziswa i-centrifugal compressors?
Izinto ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-centrifugal compressors zezi: i-electric motor, i-steam turbine, i-gas turbine, njl.
4. Zeziphi izixhobo ezincedisayo ze-centrifugal compressor?
Ukusebenza kwenjini ephambili yecompressor ye-centrifugal kusekelwe ekusebenzeni okuqhelekileyo kwezixhobo ezincedisayo. Izixhobo ezincedisayo ziquka ezi zinto zilandelayo:
(1) Inkqubo yeoyile yokuthambisa.
(2) Inkqubo yokupholisa.
(3) Inkqubo yokufunxa.
(4) Inkqubo yezixhobo zombane yinkqubo yolawulo.
(5) Inkqubo yokuvala igesi eyomileyo.
5. Ziziphi iintlobo zee-compressor ze-centrifugal ngokweempawu zazo zesakhiwo?
Iicompressor zeCentrifugal zinokwahlulwa zibe luhlobo oluthe tyaba oluqhekekileyo, uhlobo oluqhekekileyo oluthe nkqo, uhlobo loxinzelelo lwe-isothermal, uhlobo oludibeneyo kunye nezinye iintlobo ngokweempawu zazo zesakhiwo.
6. Zeziphi iindawo eziqulethwe yirotor?
Irotor iquka umngxuma oyintloko, impeller, umkhono weshaft, i-shaft nut, i-spacer, i-balance disc kunye ne-thrust disc.
7. Ithini intsingiselo yenqanaba?
Isigaba siyunithi esisiseko yecompressor ye-centrifugal, equlathe i-impeller kunye neseti yezinto ezizinzileyo ezisebenzisana nayo.
8. Ithini inkcazo yecandelo?
Isigaba ngasinye phakathi kwesango lokungenisa umoya kunye nesango lokukhupha umoya senza icandelo, kwaye icandelo liqulathe inqanaba elinye okanye amanqanaba amaninzi.
9. Ithini intsingiselo yesilinda?
Isilinda secompressor ye-centrifugal siqulathe icandelo elinye okanye amaninzi, kwaye isilinda sinokuthwala ubuncinci inqanaba elinye kunye nobuninzi bezigaba ezilishumi.
10. Ithini inkcazo yekholamu?
Iicompressor ze-centrifugal ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu ngamanye amaxesha kufuneka zenziwe ngeesilinda ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu. Isilinda enye okanye iisilinda ezininzi zibekwe kwi-axis ukuze zibe ngumqolo weecompressor ze-centrifugal. Imigca eyahlukeneyo inesantya sokujikeleza esahlukileyo. Isantya sokujikeleza siphezulu kuneso somqolo ophantsi woxinzelelo, kwaye ububanzi be-impeller bomqolo ophantsi woxinzelelo olukhulu bukhulu kuneso bomqolo ophantsi woxinzelelo kumqolo wesantya sokujikeleza esifanayo (coaxial).
11. Yintoni umsebenzi we-impeller? Zeziphi iintlobo ezikhoyo ngokweempawu zesakhiwo?
I-impeller yeyona nto ikuphela kwayo kwi-centrifugal compressor eyenza umsebenzi kwi-gas medium. I-gas medium ijikeleza ne-impeller phantsi kwe-centrifugal thrust ye-high-speed rotating impeller ukuze ifumane amandla e-kinetic, aguqulwa ngokuyinxenye abe ngamandla oxinzelelo yi-diffuser. Phantsi kwesenzo samandla e-centrifugal, iphoswa ngaphandle kwi-impeller port, ize ingene kwi-impeller yesigaba esilandelayo ecaleni kwe-diffuser, i-bend, kunye nesixhobo sokubuyisela ukuze icinezelwe ngakumbi ide ikhutshwe kwi-compressor outlet.
I-impeller inokwahlulwa ibe ziintlobo ezintathu ngokweempawu zayo zesakhiwo: uhlobo oluvulekileyo, uhlobo oluvulekileyo kancinci kunye nohlobo oluvaliweyo.
12. Ithini imeko yokugeleza okuphezulu kwecompressor ye-centrifugal?
Xa isantya sokuhamba kwamanzi sifikelela kwiqondo eliphezulu, imeko yimeko yokuhamba kwamanzi ephezulu. Kukho amathuba amabini anokwenzeka kule meko:
Okokuqala, ukuhamba komoya emqaleni wendlela ethile yokuhamba kwegesi kwinqanaba elithile kufikelela kwimeko ebalulekileyo. Ngeli xesha, ukuhamba komthamo wegesi sele lixabiso eliphezulu. Nokuba uxinzelelo olungasemva lwecompressor luncitshisiwe kangakanani, ukuhamba kwegesi akunakunyuswa. Le meko ikwaba “yimiqobo”.
Okwesibini kukuba umjelo wokuhamba awukafikeleli kwimeko ebalulekileyo, oko kukuthi, akukho meko "yokuvinjwa", kodwa icompressor inokulahleka okukhulu kokuhamba komatshini ngesantya esikhulu sokuhamba, kwaye uxinzelelo lokukhupha umoya olunokubonelelwa luncinci kakhulu, phantse lusondele kwi-zero. Amandla anokusetyenziswa kuphela ukoyisa ukumelana nombhobho wokukhupha umoya ukugcina ukuhamba okukhulu kangaka, okuyimeko ephezulu yokuhamba komoya kwicompressor ye-centrifugal.
13. Yintoni ukunyuka kwe-centrifugal compressor?
Ngexesha lokuveliswa nokusebenza kwee-compressor ze-centrifugal, ngamanye amaxesha ukungcangcazela okunamandla kwenzeka ngequbuliso, kwaye ukuhamba kunye noxinzelelo lwe-gas medium nako kuyatshintshatshintsha kakhulu, kuhamba nezandi ezingathandekiyo "zokubiza", kunye nokuguquguquka kokuhamba komoya kwinethiwekhi yemibhobho. Ingxolo enamandla "yokuphefumla" kunye "nokuphefumla" ibizwa ngokuba yimeko yokugquma kwe-compressor ye-centrifugal. I-compressor ayinakusebenza ixesha elide phantsi kwemeko yokugquma. Nje ukuba i-compressor ingene kwimeko yokugquma, umqhubi kufuneka athathe amanyathelo okulungisa ngoko nangoko ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lokuphuma, okanye ukwandisa ukuhamba kokungena okanye ukuphuma, ukuze i-compressor ikwazi ukuphuma ngokukhawuleza kwindawo yokugquma, ukuze kufezekiswe ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kwe-compressor.
14. Zithini iimpawu zesiganeko sokunyuka kwesantya?
Xa i-centrifugal compressor isebenza nge-surge phenomenon, ukusebenza kweyunithi kunye nenethiwekhi yombhobho kuneempawu ezilandelayo:
(1) Uxinzelelo lokukhupha kunye nesantya sokuhamba komoya kwi-gas medium sitshintsha kakhulu, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha isiganeko sokuhamba kwegesi sinokwenzeka. I-gaseous medium idluliselwa ukusuka kwi-compressor discharge ukuya kwi-inlet, nto leyo eyingozi.
(2) Inethiwekhi yemibhobho inentshukumo ephindaphindayo ene-amplitude enkulu kunye ne-frequency ephantsi, ehamba nesandi "esigqumayo" rhoqo.
(3) Umzimba wecompressor uyangcangcazela ngamandla, i-casing kunye ne-bearing zine-vibration enamandla, kwaye isandi somoya esinamandla esikhutshwa rhoqo. Ngenxa ye-vibration enamandla, imeko ye-bearing lubrication iya konakala, i-bearing bush iya kutsha, kwaye ne-shaft iya kujikajika. Ukuba yaphukile, i-rotor kunye ne-stator ziya kuba ne-friction kunye ne-collision, kwaye into yokutywina iya konakala kakhulu.
15. Ungenza njani uhlengahlengiso lokulwa nokunyuka kwamanzi?
Umonakalo wokuxhaphaka komoya mkhulu kakhulu, kodwa awunakususwa kuyilo okwangoku. Ingazama kuphela ukuthintela iyunithi ukuba ingene kwimeko yokuxhaphaka komoya ngexesha lokusebenza. Umgaqo wokuxhaphaka komoya kukujolisa unobangela wokuxhaphaka komoya. Xa ukuxhaphaka kuza kwenzeka, zama ngoko nangoko ukwandisa ukuhamba kwecompressor ukuze iyunithi iphume kwindawo yokuxhaphaka komoya. Kukho iindlela ezintathu ezithile zokuxhaphaka komoya:
(1) Indlela yokukhusela umoya ngegesi engaphelelanga.
(2) Indlela yokubuyisela igesi engaphelelanga.
(3) Tshintsha isantya sokusebenza kwecompressor.
16. Kutheni icompressor isebenza ngaphantsi komda wokushushumbisa?
(1) Uxinzelelo oluvela emva kwegesi luphezulu kakhulu.
(2) Ivalvu yomgca wokungena iqhoboshelwe.
(3) Ivalvu yomgca wokukhupha i-outlet ibotshelelwe.
(4) Ivalvu yokulwa nokunyuka kwamanzi inesiphene okanye ayilungiswanga kakuhle.
17. Ziziphi iindlela zokulungisa iimeko zokusebenza ze-centrifugal compressors?
Ekubeni iiparameter zenkqubo kwimveliso ziya kutshintsha ngokungenakuphepheka, kudla ngokuba yimfuneko ukulungisa i-compressor ngesandla okanye ngokuzenzekelayo, ukuze i-compressor ikwazi ukuzivumelanisa neemfuno zemveliso kwaye isebenze phantsi kweemeko zokusebenza ezitshintshayo, ukuze kugcinwe uzinzo lwenkqubo yemveliso.
Ngokwesiqhelo kukho iintlobo ezimbini zohlengahlengiso lwee-compressor ze-centrifugal: enye kukulungiswa koxinzelelo olulinganayo, oko kukuthi, izinga lokuhamba lilungiswa phantsi kwengcamango yoxinzelelo oluhlala luhleli; enye kukulungiswa kokuhamba okulinganayo, oko kukuthi, i-compressor ilungiswa ngelixa izinga lokuhamba lingatshintshi. Uxinzelelo lokukhupha umoya, ngokukodwa, kukho ezi ndlela zintlanu zohlengahlengiso:
(1) Ulawulo lokuhamba komoya ophumayo.
(2) Ulawulo lokuhamba kokungena.
(3) Tshintsha ummiselo wesantya.
(4) Jika i-inlet guide vane ukuze ilungelelanise.
(5) Ukulungiswa komoya ophumayo okanye ukulungiswa kwe-reflux.
18. Isantya siyichaphazela njani indlela esebenza ngayo icompressor?
Isantya secompressor sinomsebenzi wokutshintsha ijika lokusebenza kwecompressor, kodwa ukusebenza kakuhle kuhlala kuhleli, ngoko ke, yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokulungisa icompressor.
19. Ithetha ukuthini intsingiselo yokulungiswa koxinzelelo olulinganayo, ukulungiswa kokuhamba komoya okulinganayo kunye nokulungiswa okulinganayo?
(1) Ulawulo olulinganayo loxinzelelo lubhekisa kulawulo lokugcina uxinzelelo lokukhupha umoya wecompressor lungatshintshanga kwaye lutshintshe kuphela ukuhamba kwegesi.
(2) Ulawulo lokuhamba ngokulinganayo lubhekisa kulawulo lokugcina izinga lokuhamba kwegesi ehanjiswa yicompressor lingatshintshanga, kodwa litshintsha kuphela uxinzelelo lokukhupha.
(3) Ummiselo olinganayo ubhekisa kummiselo ogcina umlinganiselo woxinzelelo ungatshintshi (njengommiselo wokulwa nokunyuka), okanye ogcina ipesenti yokuhamba komthamo wemidiya emibini yegesi ingatshintshanga.
20. Yintoni inethiwekhi yemibhobho? Zithini izinto eziyinxalenye yayo?
Inethiwekhi yemibhobho yinkqubo yemibhobho yecompressor ye-centrifugal ukuze ifezekise umsebenzi wokuthutha igesi ephakathi. Leyo iphambi kokungena kwecompressor ibizwa ngokuba yipayipi yokufunxa, kwaye leyo ikwindawo emva kwe-compressor outlet ibizwa ngokuba yipayipi yokukhutshelwa ngaphandle. Isimbuku semibhobho yokufunxa kunye nokukhutshelwa ngaphandle yinkqubo epheleleyo yemibhobho. Idla ngokubizwa ngokuba yinethiwekhi yemibhobho.
Inethiwekhi yemibhobho ngokubanzi yenziwe ngezinto ezine: imibhobho, izixhobo zokufaka imibhobho, iivalvu kunye nezixhobo.
21. Yintoni ingozi yamandla ajikelezayo?
I-Rotor isebenza ngesantya esiphezulu. Amandla e-axial ukusuka kwicala loxinzelelo oluphezulu ukuya kwicala loxinzelelo oluphantsi ahlala esebenza. Phantsi kwesenzo samandla e-axial, i-rotor iya kuvelisa ukufuduka kwe-axial kwicala lamandla e-axial, kwaye ukufuduka kwe-axial ye-rotor kuya kubangela ukutyibilika phakathi kwejenali kunye nesihlahla sokuthwala. Ke ngoko, kunokwenzeka ukuxinanisa ijenali okanye isihlahla sokuthwala. Okubi ngakumbi, ngenxa yokufuduka kwe-rotor, iya kubangela ukungqubana, ukungqubana kunye nomonakalo woomatshini phakathi kwento ye-rotor kunye ne-stator element. Ngenxa yamandla e-axial ye-rotor, kuya kubakho ukungqubana kunye nokuguguleka kwamalungu. Ke ngoko, amanyathelo asebenzayo kufuneka athathwe ukulinganisela ukuphucula ukuthembeka kokusebenza kweyunithi.
22. Ziziphi iindlela zokulinganisela amandla e-axial?
Ukulinganisela kwamandla e-axial yingxaki enamanani angaqhelekanga ekufuneka iqwalaselwe xa kuyilo lwee-compressor ze-centrifugal ezinamanqanaba amaninzi. Okwangoku, ezi ndlela zimbini zilandelayo zihlala zisetyenziswa:
(1) Ii-impellers zibekwe zichasene (icala loxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye necala loxinzelelo oluphantsi lwe-impeller zibekwe ngasemva komnye nomnye)
Amandla e-axial aveliswa yi-impeller yesigaba esinye akhomba kwindawo yokungena ye-impeller, oko kukuthi, ukusuka kwicala loxinzelelo oluphezulu ukuya kwicala loxinzelelo oluphantsi. Ukuba ii-impeller zesigaba ezininzi zicwangciswe ngokulandelelana, amandla e-axial iyonke ye-rotor yimbumba yamandla e-axial ee-impeller kuwo onke amanqanaba. Ngokucacileyo olu lungiselelo luya kwenza amandla e-axial e-rotor abe makhulu kakhulu. Ukuba ii-impeller zesigaba ezininzi zicwangciswe macala ahlukeneyo, ii-impeller ezine-inlets ezichaseneyo ziya kuvelisa amandla e-axial kwicala elichaseneyo, anokulinganiswa omnye nomnye. Ke ngoko, ulungiselelo oluchaseneyo yeyona ndlela isetyenziswa kakhulu yokulinganisela amandla e-axial kwi-compressors ze-centrifugal zesigaba ezininzi.
(2) Seta i-balance disc
I-balance disc sisixhobo esisetyenziswa kakhulu sokulinganisa amandla e-axial kwi-compressors ze-centrifugal ezinamanqanaba amaninzi. I-balance disc idla ngokufakelwa kwicala loxinzelelo oluphezulu, kwaye kubonelelwa nge-labyrinth seal phakathi komphetho wangaphandle kunye nesilinda, ukuze icala loxinzelelo oluphantsi elidibanisa icala loxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye ne-compressor inlet lihlale lihleli. Amandla e-axial aveliswa ngumahluko woxinzelelo achasene namandla e-axial aveliswa yi-impeller, ngaloo ndlela kulinganiswa amandla e-axial aveliswa yi-impeller.
23. Yintoni injongo yokulinganisela amandla e-rotor axial force?
Injongo yokulinganisela kwerotor ikakhulu kukunciphisa ukutyhala kwe-axial kunye nomthwalo we-thrust bearing. Ngokubanzi, i-70℅ yamandla e-axial isuswa yi-balance plate, kwaye i-30℅ eseleyo ngumthwalo we-thrust bearing. Amandla athile e-axial yindlela esebenzayo yokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-rotor.
24. Yintoni isizathu sokonyuka kobushushu bethayile yokutyhala?
(1) Uyilo lwesakhiwo alunangqiqo, indawo yokuthwala yethayile yokutyhala incinci, kwaye umthwalo kwindawo nganye yeyunithi udlula umgangatho.
(2) Isitywina esiphakathi kwesigaba siyasilela, nto leyo ebangela ukuba igesi evela kwindawo ephumayo ye-impeller yesigaba sokugqibela ivuzele kwisigaba sangaphambili, nto leyo enyusa umahluko woxinzelelo kumacala omabini e-impeller kwaye yenze i-thrust enkulu.
(3) Umbhobho wokulinganisela uvaliwe, uxinzelelo lwegumbi loxinzelelo oluncedisayo lwepleyiti yokulinganisela alunakususwa, kwaye umsebenzi wepleyiti yokulinganisela awunakudlalwa ngokuqhelekileyo.
(4) Itywina le-balance disc liyasilela, uxinzelelo lwegumbi lokusebenza alunakugcinwa luqhelekile, amandla okulinganisela ayancitshiswa, kwaye inxalenye yomthwalo idluliselwa kwi-thrust pad, nto leyo ebangela ukuba i-thrust pad isebenze phantsi komthwalo omkhulu.
(5) Indawo yokungena yeoyile ethwala i-thrust incinci, ukuhamba kweoyile yokupholisa akwanelanga, kwaye ubushushu obuveliswa kukungqubana abunakususwa ngokupheleleyo.
(6) Ukuba ioyile yokuthambisa inamanzi okanye ezinye izinto ezingcolileyo, i-thrust pad ayinakwenza i-lubrication epheleleyo yolwelo.
(7) Ubushushu bokungena kweoyile kwibheri buphezulu kakhulu, kwaye indawo yokusebenza yephedi yokutyhala ayilunganga.
25. Ungajongana njani nobushushu obuphezulu bethayile yokutyhala?
(1) Jonga uxinzelelo loxinzelelo lwephedi yokutyhala, wandise ngokufanelekileyo indawo yokuthwala yephedi yokutyhala, kwaye wenze umthwalo webheri yokutyhala ube ngaphakathi koluhlu oluqhelekileyo.
(2) Qhawula kwaye ujonge isitywino esiphakathi kwesigaba, kwaye utshintshe iindawo zesitywino esiphakathi kwesigaba ezonakeleyo.
(3) Jonga umbhobho wokulinganisela uze ususe ukuvaleka, ukuze uxinzelelo lwegumbi loxinzelelo oluncedisayo lwepleyiti yokulinganisela lususwe ngexesha, ukuqinisekisa amandla okulinganisela epleyiti yokulinganisela.
(4) Buyisela umcu wokutywina wediski yokulinganisela, uphucule ukusebenza kokutywina kwediski yokulinganisela, ugcine uxinzelelo kwigumbi lokusebenza lediski yokulinganisela, kwaye wenze i-axial thrust ilingane ngokufanelekileyo.
(5) Yandisa ububanzi bomngxuma wokungena kweoyile yokuthwala, yonyusa ubungakanani beoyile yokuthambisa, ukuze ubushushu obuveliswa kukungqubana bususwe ngexesha.
(6) Buyisela ioyile entsha yokuthambisa efanelekileyo ukuze kugcinwe ukusebenza kokuthambisa kweoyile yokuthambisa.
(7) Vula ivalvu zamanzi zokungena kunye nezokubuyisela amanzi kwi-cooler, wonyuse ubungakanani bamanzi okupholisa, kwaye wehlise ubushushu bomthombo weoyile.
26. Xa inkqubo yokwenza izinto ixinezelekile kakhulu, kufuneka benze ntoni abasebenzi becompressor edibeneyo?
(1) Yazisa abasebenzi bendawo yokwenziwa kwe-synthesis ukuba bavule i-PV2001 ukuze kuncitshiswe uxinzelelo.
(2) Yazisa abasebenzi abahlola i-compressor edibeneyo kwindawo ukuba bavule indawo yokukhupha i-compressor kwinqanaba lesibini ukuze bakhuphe uxinzelelo ngesandla (kwimeko engxamisekileyo), baze banikele ingqalelo ekubekweni esweni komqhubi kunye nokulwa neentsholongwane.
27. I-compressor edibeneyo iyijikeleza njani inkqubo yokwenza izinto?
Inkqubo yokwenza izinto kufuneka izaliswe yinitrogen kwaye ifudunyezwe phantsi koxinzelelo oluthile ngaphambi kokuba iqalise inkqubo yokwenza izinto. Kungoko ke kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa i-syngas compressor ukuze kusekwe umjikelo kwinkqubo yokwenza izinto.
(1) Qalisa i-syngas compressor turbine ngokwenkqubo eqhelekileyo yokuqalisa, uze uyiqhube ngesantya esiqhelekileyo ngaphandle komthwalo.
(2) Emva kokugcina i-cooler ethile echasene nokuphuma kwamanzi, igesi ingena kwicandelo lomoya ongenayo ukuze ibuye, kwaye ukuhamba komoya akufanele kube kukhulu kakhulu, kwaye lumka ungashushu kakhulu.
(3) Sebenzisa ivalvu yokulwa nokunyuka kwamanzi kwicandelo lokujikeleza kwegazi ukulawula umthamo wegesi kunye noxinzelelo kwinkqubo yokwenziwa kwezinto ukuze kugcinwe ubushushu benqaba yokwenziwa kwezinto.
28. Xa inkqubo yokwenza igesi kufuneka inqumle ngokukhawuleza (icompressor ayimi), kufuneka isebenze njani icompressor edibeneyo?
Iicompressor ezidibeneyo zifuna umsebenzi wokuphelisa ongxamisekileyo:
(1) Xela kwigumbi lokuhambisa ukuba i-compressor edibeneyo inqumla igesi ngokukhawuleza, itshintshe i-primary seal ibe yi-medium-pressure nitrogen, kwaye ikhuphe i-joint compressor kwicandelo (icandelo lokucoca), kwaye uqaphele ukugcina uxinzelelo.
(2) Vula ivalvu echasene nokunyuka kwamanzi kwicandelo elitsha ukuze unciphise ubungakanani begesi entsha, kwaye uvule ivalvu echasene nokunyuka kwamanzi kwicandelo lokujikeleza kwamanzi ukuze unciphise ubungakanani begesi ejikelezayo.
(3) Vala i-XV2683, vala i-XV2681 kunye ne-XV2682.
(4) Vula ivalvu yomoya iPV2620 kwindawo yokuphuma yesigaba sesibini secompressor uze unciphise uxinzelelo lomzimba ngesantya se-≤0.15Mpa∕min. Icompressor yegesi yokwenziwa isebenza ngaphandle komthwalo; inkqubo yokwenziwa iphantsi koxinzelelo.
(5) Emva kokuba ingozi yenkqubo yokwenza izinto ijongiwe, i-nitrogen itshajwa ukusuka kwindawo yokungena yecompressor edibeneyo ukuze ithathe indawo yenkqubo yokwenza izinto, kwaye ukujikeleza kwegazi kuyenziwa, kwaye inkqubo yokwenza izinto igcinwa phantsi kobushushu noxinzelelo.
29. Ungayongeza njani umoya omtsha?
Kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo, ivalvu XV2683 yecandelo lokungena ivuliwe ngokupheleleyo, kwaye ubungakanani begesi entsha bunokulawulwa kuphela yivalvu yokulwa nokunyuka kwindawo entsha emva kwecooler yokulwa nokunyuka. Injongo yomthamo womoya omtsha.
30. Ungawulawula njani umoya nge-compressor?
Ukulawula isantya sesithuba nge-syngas compressor kukutshintsha isantya sesithuba ngokunyusa okanye ukunciphisa ukujikeleza kwegazi. Ke ngoko, phantsi kwemeko ethile yegesi entsha, ukwandisa ubungakanani begesi ejikelezayo eyenziweyo kuya kwandisa isantya sesithuba ngokufanelekileyo, kodwa ukwanda kwesantya sesithuba kuya kuchaphazela i-methanol. I-synthesis reaction iya kuba nefuthe elithile.
31. Ungawulawula njani umlinganiselo wokujikeleza kwegazi okwenziweyo?
I-throttle ithintelwe yivalvu echasene nokunyuka kwegazi kwicandelo lokujikeleza kwegazi.
32. Ziziphi izizathu zokungakwazi ukwandisa ukujikeleza kwegazi okwenziweyo?
(1) Ubungakanani begesi entsha buphantsi. Xa impendulo ilungile, ivolumu iya kuncitshiswa kwaye uxinzelelo luya kwehla ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, nto leyo ebangela uxinzelelo oluphantsi lokukhupha. Ngeli xesha, kuyimfuneko ukwandisa isantya sesithuba ukulawula isantya sempendulo yokwenziwa.
(2) Umthamo wokukhupha umoya (umthamo wegesi ophumzayo) wenkqubo yokwenza izinto mkhulu kakhulu, kwaye i-PV2001 inkulu kakhulu.
(3) Ukuvulwa kwevalvu yokulwa nokuphuma kwegesi ejikelezayo kukhulu kakhulu, nto leyo ebangela ukuba igesi ibuyele umva kakhulu.
33. Zithini ii-interlocks phakathi kwenkqubo yokwenza izinto kunye ne-compressor edibeneyo?
(1) Umda ophantsi wenqanaba lolwelo lwedrama yomphunga ungaphantsi okanye ulingana ne-10℅, uqhagamshelwe kwi-compressor edibeneyo, kwaye i-XV2683 ivaliwe ukuthintela idrama yomphunga ukuba ingomi.
(2) Umda ophezulu wenqanaba lolwelo lwesahluli se-methanol yi-≥90℅, kwaye iqhagamshelwe kwi-compressor edibeneyo yokukhusela ukukhubeka, kwaye i-XV2681, i-XV2682, kunye ne-XV2683 zivaliwe ukuthintela ulwelo ukuba lungangeni kwi-compressor cylinder edibeneyo kwaye lonakalise i-impeller.
(3) Umda ophezulu wobushushu beendawo ezishushu zenqaba yokwenziwa yi-≥275°C, kwaye iqhagamshelwe kwi-compressor edibeneyo ukuze itsibe.
34. Yintoni ekufuneka yenziwe ukuba ubushushu begesi ejikelezayo eyenziweyo buphezulu kakhulu?
(1) Jonga ukuba ubushushu begesi ejikelezayo kwinkqubo yokwenziwa buyanda na. Ukuba iphezulu kune-index, umthamo ojikelezayo kufuneka uncitshiswe okanye umntu othumelayo kufuneka aziswe ukuba anyuse uxinzelelo lwamanzi okanye anciphise ubushushu bamanzi.
(2) Jonga ukuba ubushushu bamanzi abuyayo kwi-anti-surge cooler buyanda na. Ukuba buyanda, ukuhamba kwegesi mkhulu kakhulu kwaye isiphumo sokupholisa asisihle. Ngeli xesha, ubungakanani bokujikeleza kwegazi kufuneka bunyuswe.
35. Ungayongeza njani igesi entsha kunye negesi ejikelezayo ngexesha lokuqhuba okwenziweyo?
Xa ukwenziwa kwegesi kuqala, ngenxa yobushushu obuphantsi begesi kunye nobushushu obuphantsi be-catalyst hot spot, impendulo yokwenziwa kwegesi ilinganiselwe. Ngeli xesha, idosi kufuneka ibe ikakhulu yokuzinzisa ubushushu bebhedi ye-catalyst. Ke ngoko, ubungakanani obujikelezayo kufuneka bongezwe ngaphambi komthamo wegesi entsha (ngokubanzi ukujikeleza Umthamo wegesi uphindwe kane ukuya kathandathu kunomthamo wegesi entsha), uze wongeze umthamo wegesi entsha. Inkqubo yokongeza umthamo kufuneka icothe kwaye kufuneka kubekho ixesha elithile (ngokuyintloko kuxhomekeke ekubeni ubushushu be-catalyst hot spot bungagcinwa kwaye bunomgangatho ophezulu). Emva kokuba inqanaba lifikelelwe, ukwenziwa kwegesi kunokufuneka ukucima umphunga wokuqalisa. Vala i-anti-surge valve yecandelo elitsha kwaye wongeze umoya omtsha. Vala i-anti-surge valve kwicandelo elincinci lokujikeleza kwaye wongeze umthamo womoya ojikelezayo.
36. Xa inkqubo yokwenza izinto iqala kwaye iyeka, ungayisebenzisa njani icompressor ukugcina ubushushu kunye noxinzelelo?
I-nitrogen itshajwa ukusuka kwindawo yokungena yecompressor edibeneyo ukuze ithathe indawo kwaye icinezele inkqubo yokwenza. Icompressor edibeneyo kunye nenkqubo yokwenza izinto ziyajikeleziswa. Ngokubanzi, inkqubo ikhutshwa ngokwexinzelelo lenkqubo yokwenza izinto. Isantya sesithuba sisetyenziselwa ukugcina ubushushu kwindawo yokuphuma yenqaba yokwenza izinto, kwaye umphunga wokuqalisa uvuliwe ukubonelela ngobushushu, uxinzelelo oluphantsi kunye nobushushu bokujikeleza okuphantsi kwenkqubo yokwenza izinto.
37. Xa inkqubo yokwenza izinto iqaliswa, ungayonyusa njani uxinzelelo lwenkqubo yokwenza izinto? Ingakanani ingakanani isantya sokunyusa uxinzelelo?
Ukunyusa uxinzelelo lwenkqubo yokwenza izinto kufezekiswa ikakhulu ngokunyusa ubungakanani begesi entsha kunye nokunyusa uxinzelelo lwegesi ejikelezayo. Ngokukodwa, ukuvala i-anti-surge kwicandelo elincinci elitsha kunokunyusa ubungakanani begesi entsha eyenziweyo; ukuvala ivalvu yokulwa ne-surge kwicandelo elincinci elijikelezayo kunokulawula uxinzelelo lwe-synthesis. Ngexesha lokuqalisa okuqhelekileyo, isantya sokunyusa uxinzelelo lwenkqubo yokwenza izinto ngokubanzi silawulwa kwi-0.4MPa/min.
38. Xa inqaba yokwenziwa ishushu, ungayisebenzisa njani icompressor edibeneyo ukulawula izinga lokufudumeza lenqaba yokwenziwa? Ithini isalathisi solawulo sezinga lokufudumeza?
Xa ubushushu bunyuka, kwelinye icala, umphunga wokuqalisa uvulwa ukuze unike ubushushu, nto leyo eqhuba ukujikeleza kwamanzi kwibhoyila, kwaye ubushushu benqaba yokwenziwa buyanda; Ke ngoko, ukunyuka kobushushu benqaba kulungiswa kakhulu ngokulungelelanisa ubungakanani bokujikeleza ngexesha lokusebenza kobushushu. Isalathisi solawulo sesantya sobushushu yi-25℃/h.
39. Ungayilungisa njani indlela igesi echasene nokunyuka kwamanzi ephuma ngayo kwindawo entsha nakwindawo ejikeleza amanzi?
Xa imeko yokusebenza yecompressor ikufutshane nemeko yokugquma, kufuneka kwenziwe uhlengahlengiso lokulwa nokugquma. Ngaphambi kokulungiswa, ukuze kuthintelwe ukuguquguquka komthamo womoya wenkqubo ekubeni mkhulu kakhulu, gweba kuqala uze umisele ukuba leliphi icandelo elikufutshane nemeko yokugquma, uze emva koko uvule ngokufanelekileyo icandelo. Ivalvu yokugquma kufuneka isetyenziswe ukuyisusa, kwaye unikele ingqalelo ekuguquguqukeni komthamo wegesi yenkqubo (gcina uzinzo lomthamo wegesi ongena kwinqaba kangangoko kunokwenzeka), kodwa ungavuli iivalvu ezimbini zokugquma ngaxeshanye ukuze uphelise ukugquma.
40. Cinezela Yintoni isizathu sokuba kubekho ulwelo kwindawo yokungena yecompressor?
(1) Ubushushu begesi yenkqubo ethunyelwa yinkqubo yangaphambili buphezulu, igesi ayifuthwanga ngokupheleleyo, umbhobho wokuhambisa igesi mde kakhulu, kwaye igesi inolwelo emva kokufuthwa ngepayipi.
(2) Ubushushu benkqubo yenkqubo buphezulu, kwaye izinto ezinamaqondo okubila aphantsi kwindawo yegesi zijijeke zibe lulwelo.
(3) Inqanaba lolwelo lomatshini wokwahlula liphezulu kakhulu, nto leyo ebangela ukuba igesi kunye nolwelo zingene.
41. Ungajongana njani nolwelo olukwindawo yokungena yecompressor?
(1) Nxibelelana nenkqubo yangaphambili ukuze ulungise indlela esebenza ngayo inkqubo.
(2) Inkqubo inyusa ngokufanelekileyo inani lee-discharges zokwahlulahlula.
(3) Yehlisa inqanaba lolwelo lwesihluzi ukuze uthintele ukungena kwegesi nolwelo.
42. Ziziphi izizathu zokwehla kokusebenza kweyunithi yecompressor edibeneyo?
(1) Isiciko esiphakathi kwe-compressor sonakele kakhulu, ukusebenza kokutywina kuyancipha, kwaye ukuhamba kwangaphakathi kwe-gas medium kuyanda.
(2) I-impeller igugile kakhulu, umsebenzi we-rotor unciphile, kwaye i-gas medium ayinakufumana amandla aneleyo e-kinetic.
(3) Isihluzi somphunga se-turbine yomphunga sivaliwe, ukuhamba komphunga kuvaliwe, izinga lokuhamba lincinci, kwaye umahluko woxinzelelo mkhulu, nto leyo echaphazela amandla okukhupha e-turbine yomphunga kwaye inciphisa ukusebenza kweyunithi.
(4) Iqondo le-vacuum liphantsi kuneemfuno ze-index, kwaye ukukhupha umoya kwi-turbine yomphunga kuyavalwa.
(5) Ubushushu bomphunga kunye neeparameter zoxinzelelo ziphantsi kune-operating index, kwaye amandla angaphakathi omphunga aphantsi, angenako ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zemveliso kunye nokusebenza kweyunithi.
(6) Imeko yokunyuka kwesantya iyenzeka.
43. Ziziphi iiparameter eziphambili zokusebenza kwee-compressors ze-centrifugal?
Iiparameter eziphambili zokusebenza kwee-compressors ze-centrifugal zezi: ukuhamba, uxinzelelo lwe-outlet okanye umlinganiselo woxinzelelo, amandla, ukusebenza kakuhle, isantya, intloko yamandla, njl.
Iiparameters eziphambili zokusebenza kwezixhobo yidatha esisiseko yokubonisa iimpawu zesakhiwo sezixhobo, amandla okusebenza, indawo yokusebenza, njl.njl., kwaye zizixhobo ezibalulekileyo ezikhokelayo kubasebenzisi ukuthenga izixhobo nokwenza izicwangciso.
44. Ithetha ukuthini ukusebenza kakuhle?
Ukusebenza kakuhle linqanaba lokusetyenziswa kwamandla adluliselwa kwigesi yi-centrifugal compressor. Okukhona inqanaba lokusetyenziswa liphezulu, kokukhona ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-compressor kuphezulu.
Ekubeni ucinezelo lwegesi luneenkqubo ezintathu: ucinezelo oluguquguqukayo, ucinezelo lwe-adiabatic kunye nocinezelo oluyi-isothermal, ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-compressor kwahlulwe kukusebenza kakuhle okuguquguqukayo, ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-adiabatic kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-isothermal.
45. Ithetha ukuthini i-compression ratio?
Umlinganiselo woxinzelelo esithetha ngawo ubhekisa kumlinganiselo woxinzelelo lwegesi olukhutshwa yi-compressor kuxinzelelo lokungenisa, ngoko ke ngamanye amaxesha ubizwa ngokuba ngumlinganiselo woxinzelelo okanye umlinganiselo woxinzelelo.
46. Zeziphi iindawo eziqulethwe yinkqubo yeoyile yokuthambisa?
Inkqubo yeoyile yokuthambisa iqulathe isikhululo seoyile yokuthambisa, itanki yeoyile ekumgangatho ophezulu, umbhobho odibanisayo ophakathi, ivalvu yokulawula kunye nesixhobo sokuvavanya.
Isitishi seoyile yokuthambisa sinetanki yeoyile, ipompo yeoyile, isibandisi seoyile, isihluzi seoyile, ivalvu yokulawula uxinzelelo, izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zokuvavanya, imibhobho yeoyile kunye neevalvu.
47. Yintoni umsebenzi wetanki yepetroli ekumgangatho ophezulu?
Itanki yepetroli ephezulu yenye yeendlela zokukhusela ukhuseleko lweyunithi. Xa iyunithi isebenza ngendlela eqhelekileyo, ioyile yokuthambisa ingena isuka ezantsi ize ikhutshwe phezulu iye ngqo kwitanki yepetroli. Iya kudlula kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zokuthambisa ecaleni komgca wokungena kweoyile ize ibuyele kwitanki yeoyile ukuqinisekisa imfuneko yokuthambisa ioyile ngexesha lenkqubo yokusebenza ingasebenzi.
48. Ngawaphi amanyathelo okhuseleko akhoyo kwiyunithi yecompressor edibeneyo?
(1) Itanki yepetroli ekumgangatho ophezulu
(2) Ivalvu yokhuseleko
(3) Umqokeleli
(4) Ivalvu yokuvala ngokukhawuleza
(5) Ezinye izixhobo zokutshixa
49. Yintoni umgaqo wokutywina wetywina le-labyrinth?
Ngokuguqula amandla anokubakho (uxinzelelo) abe ngamandla e-kinetic (isantya sokuhamba) kunye nokutshabalalisa amandla e-kinetic ngendlela ye-eddy currents.
50. Yintoni umsebenzi we-thrust bearing?
Kukho imisebenzi emibini ye-thrust bearing: ukuthwala i-thrust ye-rotor kunye nokubeka i-rotor ngokwe-axial. I-thrust bearing ithwala inxalenye ye-rotor thrust engakalinganiswa yi-balance piston kunye ne-thrust evela kwi-gear coupling. Ubungakanani bezi thrust bumiselwa kakhulu ngumthwalo we-steam turbine. Ukongeza, i-thrust bearing ikwasebenza ukulungisa indawo ye-axial ye-rotor xa ithelekiswa nesilinda.
51. Kutheni i-compressor edibeneyo kufuneka ikhulule uxinzelelo lomzimba ngokukhawuleza xa iyekile?
Ngenxa yokuba i-compressor ivalwa phantsi koxinzelelo ixesha elide, ukuba uxinzelelo lokungena lwegesi yesitywina esiyintloko alunakuba phezulu kunoxinzelelo lokungena lwe-compressor, igesi yenkqubo engacocwanga kumatshini iya kuqhekeza itywina ize yenze umonakalo kwitywina.
52. Indima yokutywina?
Ukuze kufumaneke isiphumo esihle sokusebenza kwe-centrifugal compressor, kufuneka kubekho umsantsa othile phakathi kwe-rotor kunye ne-stator ukuze kuthintelwe ukungqubana, ukuguguleka, ukungqubana, umonakalo kunye nezinye iingozi. Kwangaxeshanye, ngenxa yokubakho kwezithuba, ukuvuza phakathi kwezigaba kunye neziphelo ze-shaft kuya kwenzeka ngokwemvelo. Ukuvuza akunciphisi nje kuphela ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-compressor, kodwa kukhokelela kungcoliseko lokusingqongileyo kunye neengozi zokuqhuma. Ke ngoko, into yokuvuza ayinakuvunyelwa ukuba yenzeke. Ukutywina yindlela esebenzayo yokuthintela ukuvuza phakathi kwe-compressor kunye nokuvuza kokuphela kwe-shaft ngelixa kugcinwa indawo efanelekileyo phakathi kwe-rotor kunye ne-stator.
53. Zeziphi iintlobo zezixhobo zokutywina ezihlulwe ngokweempawu zazo zesakhiwo? Yintoni umgaqo wokukhetha?
Ngokweqondo lobushushu lokusebenza kwecompressor, uxinzelelo kunye nokuba igesi iyingozi okanye ayiyingozi, isitywino sisebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zolwakhiwo, kwaye ngokubanzi sibizwa ngokuba sisixhobo sokutywina.
Ngokweempawu zesakhiwo, isixhobo sokutywina sahlulwe saba ziintlobo ezintlanu: uhlobo lokukhupha umoya, uhlobo lwe-labyrinth, uhlobo lwendandatho edadayo, uhlobo loomatshini kunye nohlobo lwe-spiral. Ngokubanzi, kwiigesi ezinobuthi neziyingozi, ezinokutsha neziqhumayo, uhlobo lwendandatho edadayo, uhlobo loomatshini, uhlobo lwe-screw kunye nohlobo lokukhupha umoya kufuneka kusetyenziswe.
54. Yintoni isitywini segesi?
Itywina legesi sisitywina esingadibaniyo esine-gas medium njenge-lubricant. Ngoyilo olunobuchule lwesakhiwo se-sealing element kunye nokusebenza kwayo, ukuvuza kungancitshiswa kube ncinci.
Iimpawu zayo kunye nomgaqo wokutywina zezi:
(1) Isihlalo sokutywina kunye nerotor zizinzile
Ibhloko yokutywina kunye nedama lokutywina zenzelwe ubuso obupheleleyo (ubuso bokuvala obuphambili) besihlalo sokutywina esichasene neringi ephambili. Iibhloko zokutywina ziza ngobukhulu obahlukeneyo kunye neemilo. Xa i-rotor ijikeleza ngesantya esiphezulu, igesi ngexesha lokufakwa kwayo ivelisa uxinzelelo, olutyhala iringi yokuqala yahlukane, lwenze i-gas lubrication, lunciphise ukuguguleka komphezulu wokutywina oyintloko, kwaye luthintele ukuvuza kwe-gas medium kancinci. Idama lokutywina lisetyenziselwa ukupaka xa igesi yethishu ivezwa.
(2) Olu hlobo lokuvala lufuna umthombo wegesi ozinzileyo wokuvala, onokuba yigesi ephakathi okanye igesi engasebenziyo. Nokuba yeyiphi igesi esetyenziswayo, kufuneka ihluzwe kwaye ibizwe ngokuba yigesi ecocekileyo.
55. Ungayikhetha njani itywina yegesi eyomileyo?
Kwimeko apho igesi yenkqubo ingavumelekanga ukuvuza emoyeni, kwaye igesi evimbayo ingavumelekanga ukungena kumatshini, kusetyenziswa isitywina segesi esomileyo esine-intermediate air intake.
Izitywino zegesi ezomileyo eziqhelekileyo ezidityanisiweyo zifanelekile kwiimeko apho inani elincinci legesi yenkqubo livuza emoyeni, kwaye isitywino esiphambili kwicala lomoya sisetyenziswa njengesitywino sokhuseleko.
56. Yintoni umsebenzi ophambili wegesi yokutywina ephambili?
Umsebenzi ophambili wegesi yokutywina ephambili kukuthintela igesi engacocekanga kwicompressor edibeneyo ukuba ingangcolisi ubuso bokugqibela besitywina sokuqala. Kwangaxeshanye, ngokujikeleza okukhawulezayo kwecompressor, ipompelwa kwisithuba setotshi yokungenisa umoya yesigaba sokuqala nge-groove ejikelezayo yobuso bokuphela kwesitywina sesigaba sokuqala, kwaye kwenziwa ifilimu yomoya eqinileyo phakathi kobuso bokuphela kwesitywina ukuze ithambise kwaye ipholise ubuso bokugqibela. Uninzi lwegesi lungena kumatshini nge-labyrinth yesiphelo seshaft, kwaye yinxalenye encinci yegesi ingena kwisithuba setotshi yokungenisa umoya ngesiphelo sobuso bento yokutywina yokuqala.
57. Yintoni umsebenzi ophambili wegesi yokuvala yesibini?
Umsebenzi ophambili wegesi yesitywini sesibini kukuthintela ukuba igesi encinci evuzayo isuka ekupheleni kwesitywini sesibini ingangeni ekupheleni kwesitywini sesibini, nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okukhuselekileyo nokuthembekileyo kwesitywini sesibini. Umngxuma wetotshi yesitywini sesibini ungena kumbhobho wetotshi yokukhupha umoya, kwaye yinxalenye encinci yegesi ingena kumngxuma wesitywini sesibini ngobuso bokugqibela besitywini sesibini ize ikhuphe umoya kwindawo ephezulu.
58. Yintoni umsebenzi ophambili wegesi yokwahlukanisa engasemva?
Eyona njongo iphambili yegesi yokwahlukanisa engasemva kukuqinisekisa ukuba ubuso bokugqibela besitywino sesibini abungcoliswa yioyile yokuthambisa ye-compressor bearing edibeneyo. Inxalenye yegesi iphuma nge-inner comb labyrinth yesitywino sangasemva kunye nenxalenye encinci yegesi evuzayo evela kubuso bokugqibela besitywino sesibini; enye inxalenye yegesi iphuma nge-bearing lubricating oil vent nge-interior comb labyrinth yesitywino sangasemva.
59. Ngawaphi amanyathelo okhuseleko okusebenza ngaphambi kokuba inkqubo yokutywina igesi eyomileyo iqalise ukusebenza?
(1) Faka igesi yokwahlukanisa ngasemva imizuzu eli-10 ngaphambi kokuba inkqubo yeoyile yokuthambisa iqale. Ngokufanayo, igesi yokwahlukanisa ngasemva inganqunyulwa emva kokuba ioyile ingasebenzi kangangemizuzu eli-10. Emva kokuba kuqalile ukuthuthwa kweoyile, igesi yokwahlukanisa ngasemva ayinakunqandwa, kungenjalo isitywino siya konakala.
(2) Xa isihluzo sisetyenziswa, iivalvu zebhola eziphezulu nezisezantsi zesihluzo mazivulwe kancinci ukuthintela umonakalo kwisixhobo sesihluzo obangelwa kukuphazamiseka koxinzelelo ngoko nangoko ngenxa yokuvulwa ngokukhawuleza kakhulu.
(3) Xa i-flowmeter isetyenziswa, iivalvu zebhola eziphezulu nezisezantsi mazivulwe kancinci ukuze amanzi aqhubeke ezinzile.
(4) Jonga ukuba uxinzelelo lomthombo wegesi yokutywina oyintloko, igesi yokutywina yesibini kunye negesi yokuzihlukanisa engasemva izinzile na, kwaye ingaba isihluzi sivaliwe na.
60. Indlela yokuqhuba ulwelo lwe-V2402 kunye ne-V2403 kwindawo yokukhenkceza?
Ngaphambi kokuba uqhube, i-V2402 kunye ne-V2403 kufuneka ziqinisekise umgangatho oqhelekileyo wolwelo kwangaphambili. Amanyathelo athile ngala alandelayo:
(1) Ngaphambi kokuba umisele inqanaba lolwelo, vula iivalvu kwishawa yesikhokelo ye-V2402, V2403 ukuya kumbhobho we-V2401 kwangaphambili, qinisekisa ukuba i-blind "8" kumbhobho ibuyiselwe umva, qinisekisa ukuba ivalvu yeshawa yesikhokelo kwi-V2401 ivaliwe, kwaye uqinisekise ukuba i-LV2420 kunye neevalvu zayo zokumisa zangaphambili nangasemva zivuliwe ngokupheleleyo, Qinisekisa ukuba i-FV2401 kunye ne-FV2402 zivuliwe ngokupheleleyo;
(2) Ukungeniswa kwepropylene kwi-V2402 kwenziwa ngokwemahluko woxinzelelo, nganye nganye, kuvula kancinci ivalvu ephambili yokuphuma ye-V2401, XV2482, V2401 kwiivalvu ze-V2402, i-LV2421 kunye neevalvu zayo zokumisa zangaphambili nangasemva, kwaye kumiswe kancinci inqanaba lolwelo lwepropylene lwe-V2402.
(3) Ngenxa yokulinganisela koxinzelelo phakathi kwe-V2402 kunye ne-V2403, i-propylene inokungeniswa kwi-V2403 kuphela ngomahluko wenqanaba lolwelo.
(4) Inkqubo yokukhokela ulwelo kufuneka icothe ukuthintela uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo lwe-V2402 kunye ne-V2403. Emva kokuba inqanaba eliqhelekileyo lolwelo le-V2402 kunye ne-V2403 limiselwe, i-LV2421 kunye neevalvu zayo zokumisa zangaphambili nangasemva kufuneka zivalwe, kwaye i-V2402 kunye ne-V2403 kufuneka zivalwe.
61. Ngawaphi amanyathelo okuvala ngokukhawuleza isikhululo sokuqandisa?
Ngenxa yokungasebenzi kakuhle kombane, ipompo yeoyile, ukuqhuma, umlilo, ukunqunyulwa kwamanzi, ukuyeka kwegesi yesixhobo, ukunyuka kwe-compressor okungenakucinywa, i-compressor iya kuvalwa ngokukhawuleza. Kwimeko yomlilo kwinkqubo, umthombo wegesi yepropylene kufuneka unqunyulwe ngoko nangoko kwaye uxinzelelo kufuneka lutshintshwe nge-nitrogen.
(1) Cima icompressor kwindawo yesiganeko okanye kwigumbi lolawulo, kwaye ukuba kunokwenzeka, linganisa kwaye urekhode ixesha lokuhamba kwetaxi. Tshintshela i-compressor primary seal ibe yi-nitrogen yoxinzelelo oluphakathi.
(2) Ukuba ukujikeleza kweoyile kuyaqhubeka nokusebenza (kwimeko yokungasebenzi kombane, kwaye kukho umthombo wegesi ye-nitrogen enoxinzelelo oluphantsi), cinezela i-rotor ngoko nangoko emva kokuba i-rotor iyekile ukujikeleza; ukuba isityalo sonke sivuliwe, amaqhosha okusebenza e-jet pump, i-condensate pump kunye ne-oil pump kufuneka ajikwe ngexesha. kwindawo eqhagamshelweyo ukuthintela i-pump ukuba iqalise ngokuzenzekelayo emva kokuba umbane ubuyiselwe.
(3) Vala ivalvu yokuphuma yesigaba sesibini secompressor.
(4) Vala ivalvu yepropylene ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwenkqubo yokukhenkcisa.
(5) Xa i-vacuum degree isondele ku-zero, yima ipompo yamanzi kwaye umise i-shaft ukuze uvale umphunga.
(6) Nika ingqalelo ekulungiseni ubungakanani bokujikeleza kwegazi, vula kancinci ivalvu yokukhupha ityuwa eyongezelelweyo ukuba kuyimfuneko, kwaye umise ipompo ye-condensate xa ivalvu yokungenisa ye-aspirator ivaliwe.
(7) Fumanisa isizathu sokuvalwa kwenkonzo ngexesha likaxakeka.
62. Ngawaphi amanyathelo okuvala ngokukhawuleza i-compressor edibeneyo?
Ngenxa yokungasebenzi kakuhle kombane, ipompo yeoyile, ukuqhuma, umlilo, ukunqunyulwa kwamanzi, ukuyeka kwegesi yesixhobo, ukunyuka kwe-compressor okungenakucinywa, i-compressor iya kuvalwa ngokukhawuleza. Kwimeko yomlilo kwinkqubo, umthombo wegesi yepropylene kufuneka unqunyulwe ngoko nangoko kwaye uxinzelelo kufuneka lutshintshwe nge-nitrogen.
(1) Cima i-compressor kwindawo yesiganeko okanye kwigumbi lolawulo, kwaye ukuba kunokwenzeka, linganisa kwaye urekhode ixesha lokuhamba kweteksi.
(2) Ukuba ukujikeleza kweoyile kuyaqhubeka nokusebenza (kwimeko yokungasebenzi kombane, kwaye kukho umthombo wegesi ye-nitrogen enoxinzelelo oluphantsi), cinezela i-rotor ngoko nangoko emva kokuba i-rotor iyekile ukujikeleza; ukuba isityalo sonke sivuliwe, amaqhosha okusebenza e-jet pump, i-condensate pump kunye ne-oil pump kufuneka ajikwe ngexesha. kwindawo eqhagamshelweyo ukuthintela i-pump ukuba iqalise ngokuzenzekelayo emva kokuba umbane ubuyiselwe.
(3) Tshintshela itywina eliphambili libe yi-nitrogen enoxinzelelo oluphakathi ngexesha, kwaye uqinisekise ukuba i-XV2683, i-XV2682, kunye ne-XV2681 zivaliwe, kwaye igumbi lolawulo livula i-PV2620 kwaye lilawula izinga lokunciphisa uxinzelelo ≤0.15Mpa∕min ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwenkqubo ye-compressor. Ukuba umbane ucinyiwe okanye umoya wesixhobo uyekile, i-XV2681 iya kuvala ngokuzenzekelayo ngeli xesha, kwaye abasebenzi be-compressor kufuneka baziswe ukuba bavule ivalvu yokuphuma yesigaba sesibini se-compressor ukuze bakhulule uxinzelelo ngesandla.
(4) Xa i-vacuum degree isondele ku-zero, yima ipompo yamanzi kwaye umise i-shaft ukuze uvale umphunga.
(5) Nika ingqalelo ekulungiseni ubungakanani bokujikeleza kwegazi, vula kancinci ivalvu yokukhupha ityuwa eyongezelelweyo ukuba kuyimfuneko, kwaye umise ipompo ye-condensate xa ivalvu yokungenisa ye-aspirator ivaliwe.
(6) Fumanisa isizathu sokuvalwa kwenkonzo ngexesha likaxakeka.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Meyi-06-2022
