I-1. Ubushushu: Iqondo lobushushu ngumlinganiso wokuba yinto eshushu okanye ebandayo.
Kukho iiyunithi ezintathu ezisetyenziswayo zeqondo lobushushu (isikali seqondo lobushushu): Celsius, Fahrenheit, kunye nobushushu obukhulu.
I-Celsis Iqondo lobushushu (T, ℃): Iqondo lokushisa esihlala lisisebenzisa. Iqondo lobushushu lilinganise nge-celsius thermometer.
I-Fahrenheit (F, ℉): Ubushushu obuqhelekileyo obuqhelekileyo kumazwe aseYurophu naseMelika.
Ukuguqulwa kobushushu:
F (° F) = 9/5 * (° C) +32 (fumana ubushushu kwi-fahrenheit kwiqondo lobushushu eliziwayo eCelsius)
t (° C) = [f (F (° F) -32] * 5/9 (fumana ubushushu e-Celsius kwiqondo lokushisa eliziwayo kwi-fahrenheit)
Isilinganiselo sobushushu esigqibeleleyo (T, şk): Isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kubalo lwe-theoretical.
Inqaku lobushushu eligqibeleleyo kunye ne-Celsis yobushushu:
T
2. Uxinzelelo (p): kwifriji, uxinzelelo ngamandla anyukayo kwindawo yeyunithi, oko kukuthi, uxinzelelo, oluhlala lulinganiswa negeji yoxinzelelo kunye negeji yoxinzelelo.
Iiyunithi eziqhelekileyo zoxinzelelo zezi:
I-MPA (MegapasCal);
Kpa (i-KPA);
ibha (ibha);
I-KGF / CM2 (i-skwere yesikwere sekhilogre);
I-ATM (i-ATMOSFIC esemgangathweni);
mmhg (milimeter ye-mercury).
Ulwalamano lokuguqula:
I-1MPA = I-10BAR = 1000kpa = 7500.6 MMHG = 10.197 kgf / cm2
I-1TM = 70mmhg = 1.01326BAR = 0.101326MPA
Isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kubunjineli:
I-1bar = 0.1 ≈1 kgf / cm2 ≈ 1atm = 760 mmhg
Iingcibi zoxinzelelo:
Uxinzelelo olupheleleyo (PJ): Kwisitya, uxinzelelo lusebenza kudonga lwangaphakathi lwesikhongozelo ngemolekyuli yemolekyuli. Ingcinezelo kwi-Thermodynamic ye-properties ye-properties itafile egqibeleleyo ngokubanzi.
Uxinzelelo lwe-gauge (PB): Uxinzelelo olulinganiselwe kwigeji yoxinzelelo kwinkqubo yokuqalisa. Uxinzelelo lwe-gauge ngumahluko phakathi koxinzelelo lwegesi kwisitya kunye nengcinezelo yemozulu. Kuyakholelwa ngokubanzi ukuba uxinzelelo lwe-gauge plus kunye ne-1bar, okanye i-0.1MPA, luloxinzelelo olupheleleyo.
Isidanga se-vacuum
I-3. I-Thermodynamic yePropathi yePropathi yeTherithi: I-ThermodyAneler Properties itafile idwelisa ubushushu (ubushushu bobushushu) kunye noxinzelelo (uxinzelelo lombuso) kunye nezinye iiparamitha ze-frientity kwimeko enesidima. Kukho imbalelwano-nye yembalelwano phakathi kobushushu kunye noxinzelelo lwefriji kwiLizwe eliLawulayo.
Kuyakholelwa ngokubanzi ukuba ifriji e-Evaporator, i-condenser, isahlulo segesi yegesi, kunye nokujikeleza koxinzelelo oluphantsi kunye ne-barrel kwiLizwe elizalisweyo. I-vapor (i-wolter) kwiLizwe eligcweleyo libizwa ngokuba yi-Gapor Vapor Vapor (kwaye ubushushu obuhambelanayo kunye noxinzelelo bubizwa ngokuba bubushushu obushushu kunye noxinzelelo loqwalaselo.
Kwinkqubo yokufundisa, kwifriji, ubushushu bayo bokugqibela kunye noxinzelelo loteliso lwembalelwano nganye. Iqondo lokushisa eliphezulu, ukuphakanyiswa koxinzelelo.
Ukuvela kwefriji kwi-Evaporator kunye ne-contences kwi-covensern yenziwa kwimo egudileyo, ngoko ke ubushushu bokuphuma, kunye nengcinezelo ye-proverintation kunye nembalelwano ye-provelos kunye nembalelwano ye-provelos. Ubudlelwane obuhambelanayo bunokufumaneka kwitafile ye-thermodynamic ye-thermodynamic.
4. Itafile yobushushu befriji kunye netafile yoqhankqalazo:
5. I-Steam eguqukayo kunye nolwelo olubekekileyo Ngaphantsi koxinzelelo oluthile, ubushushu bolwelo bungaphantsi kuneqondo lobushushu lombuso phantsi koxinzelelo olufanayo, olubizwa ngokuba lulwelo olubekiweyo.
Ixabiso apho ubushushu be-suction bugqitha khona ubushushu bobushushu bubizwa ngokuba yi-supred supreheat. Isidanga se-suprence superheat simele silawulwe nge-5 ukuya kwi-10 ° C.
Ixabiso lobushushu be-stile esezantsi kuneqondo lobushushu le-sanded lubizwa ngokuba kwinqanaba le-subcool. I-subcool enqiliweyo ngokubanzi yenzeka ezantsi kwe-condenser, kwi-uqoqosho, nakwindawo enomdla. I-sundolouling engamanzi ngaphambi kokuba ivalve yenkunkuma iluncedo ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle.
I-6. Ukukhutshelwa ngaphandle, ukubekwa, ukukhulisa, uxinzelelo lwenkqubo kunye nobushushu
Uxinzelelo loxinzelelo (ubushushu): Uxinzelelo (iqondo lobushushu) lefriji ngaphakathi kwi-Evaporator. Ingcinezelo yokuCima (iqondo lobushushu): uxinzelelo (lobushushu) lwefriji kwi-condenserser.
Uxinzelelo lokuFuna Uxinzelelo lokukhupha (ubushushu): Uxinzelelo (iqondo lobushushu) kwi-compressor ekhutshiwe.
7. Umahluko wobushushu Umahluko wamaqondo obushushu yigunya lokuqhuba lokudluliselwa kobushushu.
Umzekelo, kukho umahluko wobushushu phakathi kwefriji kunye namanzi okupholisa; ifriji kunye ne-brine; Ifriji kunye ne-Warehouse umoya. Ngenxa yobukho bamanzi obushushu obushushu, ubushushu bento ukuba buthotyelwe bungaphezulu kuneqondo lokushisa; Iqondo lobushushu le-provelonce liphezulu kuneqondo lobushushu lendlela yokuphola kwe-condenser.
8. Umswakama: umzukisi ubhekisa kumswakama womoya. Umswakama yinto echaphazela ukutshintshelwa kobushushu.
Zintathu iindlela zokubonisa umswakama:
Eyona nto inyikisayo (z): Ubunzima bomphunga wamanzi kumgama womculo we-cubic.
Umxholo wokufuma (d): Isixa somphunga wamanzi esiqulethwe kwikhilogramu enye yomoya owomileyo (G).
I-themity themidity (φ): Ibonisa inqanaba lokwenyani olupheleleyo lomoya kufutshane nobushushu obugcweleyo.
Kubushushu obuthile, isixa esithile somoya sinokubamba kuphela inani elithile le-vapor yamanzi. Ukuba lo mda ugqithile, umphunga wamanzi ogqithisileyo uya kukhokelela kwinkungu. Eli sixa sithile silinganiselweyo somphunga wamanzi sibizwa ngokuba sigxunyezwe umswakazi. Phantsi komswakazana ogxunyelweyo, kukho i-suidity egqwesileyo epheleleyo ye-zb, etshintsha kunye neqondo lobushushu lomoya.
Kubushushu obuthile, xa umswakama omoya ufikelela kumswakali ogcweleyo, oko kubizwa ngokuba yi-GARURAFAT AM, kwaye ayisakwamkeli umphunga wamanzi; Umoya onokuqhubeka ukwamkela isixa esithile somphunga wamanzi sibizwa ngokuba yi-airtited moya.
U-themidity themidity ngumyinge we-suidoty ye-z ngomoya ongenakuthelekiswayo ukuya kwi-suidity ye-zb yomoya ogcweleyo. φ = z / zb × 100%. Yisebenzise ukuze ubonakalise ukuba isondele kangakanani i-theidity eqinisekileyo yokwenyani kukuthandeka ngokupheleleyo.
IXESHA LOKUQALA: UMar-08-2022
