Ukulahlwa kweempahla ezonakeleyo kwiivenkile ezinkulu

Ukulahlwa kweempahla ezonakeleyo kwiivenkile ezinkulu

Izinto ezonakeleyo kwiivenkile ezinkulu zibhekisa kwizinto ezonakeleyo kwinkqubo yokujikeleza, ezingenamgangatho, kwaye zidlula ixesha lokugcina kwaye azinakuthengiswa ngokuqhelekileyo. Umthamo wentengiso yeempahla mkhulu, kwaye iimpahla ezonakeleyo nazo ziyanda. Ulawulo lweempahla ezonakeleyo luchaphazela iindleko kunye nenzuzo yevenkile enkulu, kwaye ikwayindlela ebalulekileyo yokulinganisa inqanaba lolawulo lwevenkile enkulu.

Ububanzi beempahla ezonakeleyo

1. Zahlulwe ngokwamaqela: iimpahla ezonakeleyo, ukunqongophala, umgangatho ophantsi, ukuchongwa okungaphelelanga, ukonakala, ukulinganiswa okunganelanga, iimpahla zomgunyathi nezingaphantsi, iimpahla "ezinezimbo ezintathu", ixesha eliphelelwe lixesha, ezingatyiwayo, njl.njl.

2. Ngokweekhonkco zokujikeleza, yahlulwe yangamacandelo amabini: ngaphambi kokungena evenkileni (kuquka iiodolo ezibekwe lisebe lokuthenga, iziko lokuhambisa, kunye nendawo yokugcina impahla evenkileni) nasemva kokungena evenkileni (ngaphambi nasemva kweshelufu).

3. Ngokwezinga lomonakalo: ingabuyiselwa okanye ingabuyiselwa, ingathengiswa ngexabiso eliphantsi, kwaye ayinakuthengiswa ngexabiso eliphantsi.

Uxanduva lolawulo lweempahla ezonakeleyo

Ngokwekhonkco lokujikeleza kweempahla, isebe (kuquka isebe lokuthenga, iziko lokuhambisa, kunye nevenkile) linoxanduva lokulawula ikhonkco lokujikeleza apho kwenzeka khona impahla eyonakeleyo.

1. ISebe lokuThenga linoxanduva lokujongana: iimveliso ezikumgangatho ophantsi, ezingezizo ezomgunyathi, ezingezizo ezomgunyathi nezingezizo ezomgunyathi, kunye neemveliso “ezingenazo izinto ezintathu”; umonakalo, ukunqongophala, ukonakala, iimveliso ezihlala ixesha elide, kunye neemveliso ezikufutshane nexesha ezifunyenwe kwiintsuku ezintathu emva kokungena kwiziko lokuhambisa. Linoxanduva lokulungisa, ukunciphisa amaxabiso, ukulahla ezi mpahla zimbini zingasentla, kwaye lithwala uxanduva lokulahlekelwa kwezoqoqosho.

2. Iziko lokuhambisa impahla linoxanduva lokucubungula: iimpahla zisiwa evenkileni, kwaye iimpahla ezonakeleyo, ezimfutshane, nezingaphantsi zifunyenwe ngexesha lokwamkelwa; iimpahla ezonakeleyo nezibalulekileyo ezihlala ixesha elide zifumaneka ngexesha lenkqubo yokugcina impahla; umgangatho ufunyanwa kwiintsuku ezintathu emva kokuba iimpahla zisiwe kwindawo yokugcina impahla evenkileni. Iimveliso ezidlula umgca wesilumkiso. Zinoxanduva lokulungelelanisa nokulahlekelwa zizinto ezintathu ezingasentla, kwaye zithwala uxanduva lokulahlekelwa yimali.

3. Isebe levenkile levenkile linoxanduva lokusombulula: iimpahla ezonakeleyo kwinkqubo yokuhanjiswa ngqo kweempahla; iimpahla ezonakeleyo okanye ezinqongopheleyo emva kokufakwa kwiishelufu; ngaphambi nasemva kokufakwa kwiishelufu, iimveliso ezidlule ixesha lokuphelelwa kwazo kwaye zonakele; umonakalo owenziwe ngokungekho mthethweni kunye neempahla ezingenaxabiso lokusetyenziswa ngaphambi nasemva kokufakwa kwiishelufu; iimveliso ezifunyenwe emva kokuthengiswa Izinto eziwohlokileyo okanye ezingenakutyiwa okanye ezingasetyenziswayo. Uxanduva lokulungisa, ukunciphisa amaxabiso, kunye nokulahla ezi mpahla zintlanu zingasentla, kwaye unoxanduva lokulahlekelwa yimali.

Imigaqo Yokuphatha Iimpahla Ezonakeleyo

1. Izinto ezineepakethe ezonakeleyo ezisatyiwayo okanye ezilungele ukusetyenziswa zingafakwa eshelufini emva kokulawulwa, kwaye kufuneka zihluzwe kwaye zivalwe ngoko nangoko, kwaye ziqhubeke nokufakwa eshelufini ukuze zithengiswe ukunciphisa ukulahleka kweempahla.

2. Zonke iimveliso ezonakeleyo, ezingaphantsi okanye ezingaphantsi kwexesha elifunekayo ngenxa yomgangatho ophantsi, iimveliso zobuxoki neziphantsi, kunye “neembombo ezintathu” ezibangelwe kukuthuthwa komthengisi kufuneka zibuyiselwe.

3. Iimpahla ezonakeleyo ezinokubuyiselwa kumthengisi kufuneka zihlelwe kwaye zipakishwe ngexesha liziko lokuhambisa okanye ivenkile, kwaye abasebenzi abakhethekileyo baya kuba noxanduva lokusingatha ukubuyiswa nokutshintshiselwa.

4. Kwimpahla eyonakeleyo okanye eyonakeleyo engenakubuyiselwa okanye itshintshiselwe, iya kuncitshiswa ixabiso okanye ilahlwe ngokwegunya elimiselweyo.

Sebenzisa ngokungqongqo iinkqubo zokuphonononga, ukubhengeza, kunye nokuphatha iimpahla ezonakeleyo, kwaye usebenzise igunya lokucubungula ngokufanelekileyo ukuze uphephe ilahleko yesibini kwinkampani xa uphatha iimpahla ezonakeleyo.